178 



GYMNOSPERMS 



so prevalent in the Bennettitales. Impressions of long rigid shoots 

 with ovules in the axils of bracts have long been known in European 

 Carboniferous deposits; and more recently Noe^'^ has found similar 

 specimens in the Carboniferous of Illinois (fig. i88). Long ago, 

 Grand d'Eury,"' combining such elongated spikes with the abun- 

 dant lanceolate leaves, made 

 a restoration which has been 

 copied ever since (fig. 189). His 

 restoration of the complete 

 plant (fig. 178) has the Eu- 

 Cordaites type of fructification 

 combined with pointed lanceo- 

 late leaves of Dor ycor dalles . 

 The fructification w'hich be- 

 longs with Dorycordaites has a 

 long axis with ovules borne on 

 slender drooping pedicels (fig. 

 190). 



Some monoecious forms have 

 been found with the shoots at- 

 tached to the stem (fig. 191). 

 The individual strobili, more or 

 less definitely arranged in two 

 rows, are about a centimeter in 

 length. In some impressions it has not been possible to distinguish 

 between male and female strobili. 



The male strohilus. — The male strobilus consists of a stout axis 

 with numerous bracts and some sporophylls bearing one, two, or 

 even four microsporangia (fig. 192). A more detailed view shows 

 that the sporangia had not yet shed their pollen (fig. 193)- 



The female strobilus.— The female strobilus also has a stout axis, 

 with even more bracts than the male, and comparatively few ovules 

 (fig. 194). The ovule is borne on a short spur shoot in the axil of a 

 bract, thus making the strobilus compound. There are no com- 

 pound strobili in the Cycadophytes, nor in the male strobili of Conif- 

 erophytes, except in the Gnetales. 



The nucellus of the ovule was free from the integument through- 

 out (fig. 195)- 



Fig. 189. — Cordailes: piece of stem with 

 base of one leaf and four fruiting spikes. 

 Several broad leaf scars are shown; two- 

 thirds natural size.— After Grand d'Eury.^" 



