INDEX 



[References are to pages. Italic figures indicate illustrations.) 



Abies, 2 1 8, 221; leaf, 2^4; root, 272 

 Agathis, 222, 226; leaf, 255, 266; embryo, 



346 

 Age, of a cycad, 78, 79 

 Alternatioti of generations, 440, 444 

 Alveoli, 324 

 Aneimites, 27 

 Annual ring, 239 

 Aphanerostrobilares, 230 

 Apical cell, 17, 352, 353 

 Araucaria, leaf, 255; strobilus, 283; pro- 



thallial cells, 310, 311; embryo, 346, 



348 

 Araucanoxylon, 232, 233 

 Archegonium, in cycads, 120, 121; jacket, 



124; chamber, in cycads, 124; initials 



in Ginkgo, 209; Coniferales, 326 

 Armor, of leaf bases, 78 

 Azolla, 29 



Baler a, 184, 1S5 



Bark, 250, 251 



Bennettitales, 41; distribution, 42; life- 

 history, 43; phylogeny, 59 



Bemiettites, 57 



Bisporangiate strobili, Bennettitales, 52, 

 §3; Coniferales, 277, 278, 27 g, 280 



Blepharoplast, 129, 130-37 



Body cell, in cycads, 128-34; Ginkgo, 207; 

 Coniferales, Pinus, 308; Araucaria, 

 310, 311; Abies, 212 



Boerhavia, 83 



Bothrodendron, 33, 34 



Bowenia, 67, 70; stem, 80 



Callitris, 326 



Carboniferous swamp forest, 10, it, 12 

 Caytoniales, 425, 426 

 Central cell, in cycads, 120 

 Cephalotaxus, embryo, 34Q 

 Ceratozamia, 64, 65; megaspore, iii 

 Chromosomes, number, 2S8, 289 

 Coal balls, i, 27 



Coleorhiza, 147, 148, 14Q 



Cone domes, po 



Cones, of cycads, size, 112 



Coniferales, 217; classification, 227; dis- 

 tribution, 231; sporophyte — vegeta- 

 tive, 234; stem, 234; histology, 240; 

 protoxylem, 241; sporophyte — repro- 

 ductive, 275,27(5; staminate strobilus, 

 2S0, 281, 282, 283, 286; fertilization, 

 Z2,^, 337-40 



Cordaiantkus, 1S2 



Cordaitales, 165; distribution, 166; life- 

 history, 168; sporophyte, 168-78; re- 

 construction, i7q; strobili, 177-79; 

 gametophytes, i6g; phylogeny, 180 



Cortex, Cycadofilicales, 13, 24; Bennetti- 

 tales, 45, 46; Coniferales, 250 



Corypha, 55 



Cotyledon, 241, 262, 338; cycads, 147, 

 149, 153 



Cretaceous, 3, 4 



Crossotheca, 8, 18 



Cryptomeria, 222; leaf , 2(55; strobilus, 29^, 

 300 



Cupressits macrocarpa, 234, 237; C. go- 

 weniana, 234, 318; pollen, 285; stro- 

 bilus, 292 



Cycadales, 60; distribution, 61 ; origin, 61 ; 

 life-history, 76; stem, 76; protoxylem, 

 83 



Cycadella, 46, 51 



Cycadeoidea, 43, 44; C. jenneyana, 45, ^o; 

 C. ivielandii, 47, 48; C. ingens, 49, 52; 

 strobilus, 53; microsporangia, 54, 55; 

 microspores, 56; seed, 58 



Cycadinocarpus, 210 



Cycadofilicales, 6; distribution, 8; life- 

 histories, 11; embryo, 21; phylogeny, 

 28; reconstruction, 35; hypothetical 

 fern ancestor, 37, 38, 39 



Cycadophytes, 6, 7 



Cycadospadix, 61, 160, 161 



Cycas, 71 ; ovulate strobilus, 103, 104, 105 



Cypress knees, 265, 268 



