EXPEDITIONS TO PACIFIC. 117 



over sixteen degrees of latitude and twenty-seven degrees of longitude. He had with him 

 three men and a train of dogs ; these were changed at the Hudson's Bay posts on his route 

 as he arrived at thcra. His course lay bj^ Great Slave Lake, Lake Athabasca, He à la 

 Crosse, Carlton House, Fort Pelly, Fort Garry and Pembina. On March 13th, Mr. 

 Campbell reached Crow Wing, where he obtained horses for the journey to Chicago. From 

 Chicago he started eastward and arrived at Montreal on April the 1st, and such was his 

 dispatch that he was enabled to report himself in London at the Hudson's Bay House 

 on the 18th of that month. From his starting point on the Pell j-- Yukon, Mr. Campbell 

 had made a continuous journey of 9,700 miles, nearly half of which was through an unin- 

 habited Avilderness, and of this distance some 3,000 miles were Classed over in the dead 

 of winter and much of it walked on snowshoes. In the annals of the Hudson's Bay 

 Company's service, long winter jouruevs under circumstances similar to the one described 

 are not uncommon. Possibly the long tramps of the intrepid Dr. Rae in 1851, and of 

 Admiral Sir Leopold, then Commander, McClintock, in 1853, both in connection with the 

 Franklin Search expeditions are to some extent comparable with them. 



Mr. Campbell, the discoverer of the Pelly- Yukon, the largest river Howing into the 

 Pacific from the Ameiican continent, is still living, and enjoys excellent health, on his 

 ranch in Manitoba. He is one of the last representatives of the great explorers of the 

 Hudson's Bay Company under the old regime. Hie name comes close to the end in the 

 long list of active and undaunted men who, from the days of Mackimzie, traversed the 

 mountains, and unknown wilds ; it would be dithcult to find their peers in courage and 

 endurance in any service. 



In 1887-88 the field of Mr. Campbell's discoveries was visited by Dr. G. M. Dawson, 

 of the Geological Survey. Dr. Dawson entered the interior from the Pacific coast by the 

 river Stikeen, passed over to the Liard, and thence to the Pelly- Yukon. He returned by 

 the river Lewis to the Lynn canal on the coast. The journey proved exceedingly fatigiiing 

 and not a little perilous. His associates, Messrs. McConuell and Ogilvie remained in 

 the district to carry on astronomical observations and field explorations during the follow- 

 ing winter and summer. 



(13) Sir George Simpsons Journey round the World, 1841. 



Sir George Simpson having resolved to travel round the world, left England on 

 March 3rd, 1841, and landed at Boston, whence he made his way to Montreal. His 

 outfit was completed at Lachine, the headcjuarters of the Hudson's Bay Company in 

 Canada. The expedition started from that village on 4th May ; on the 16thof the month 

 the party arrived at Sault St. Mary. After some detention by ice on Lake Superior, Sir 

 George reached Thunder Bay ; and ascended by the Kaministiqua to the height of land. 

 He traversed the chain of lakes and rivers to Lake of the Woods, and arrived at Fort 

 Alexander, near the mouth .of the river Winnipeg on June 8th. On the third day 

 following, Sir.George Simpson was at Fort Garry, having accomplished the journey of 

 2,000 miles in thirty-eight days. 



There was an ordinary trail from Fort Garry to Edmonton. Itpassed from point to 

 point across the prairie, and was used by the Red River carts for the transportation of 

 merchandise. It was not always in good condition, but was easily followed along the 



