132 SANDFOED FLEMING ON 



(9) Journey of Mr. Marcus Smith, 1871. 



Mr. Marcus Smith, crossed the continent in ISVT, ou a tonr of inspection of the 

 Canadian Pacific Railway surveys. He had boon engaged for some years in extended 

 explorations in British Columbia, but on each of his former expeditions he travelled by San 

 Francisco and the Union Pacific Railway. On this occasion he left Ottawa on May 24th, 

 passed by the lakes to Port Arthur, thence by steamboat and railway, by St. Paul, to "Win- 

 nipeg. On July 2nd he started irom Winnipeg to cross the plains, by way of Fort Ellice. 

 On the 26th he reached Fort Carleton ; making a detour to Lac la Biche, he arrived at 

 Edmonton on August 13th. Mr. Smith with his party followed the recently improved 

 trail to Jaspar House and Yellow Head pass, which point he reached on September *7th. 

 Two days later he writes at Tête-Jauue-Cache, "Just as we were arriving, a man, 

 W. Roxburgh, came running wildly towards us ; he had been nearly two years in 

 charge of that depot all alone, seldom having seen a human being, even an Indian, 

 during that time. He had read all the books in his possession over and over again ; 

 had caught fish till he hated the sight of one ; had tried gold-mining with a little 

 success ; had shot bears, one of which he only lamed and seeing it crawling around the 

 depot, he took pity on it and fed it ; it came regularly, and at last grew so tame that 

 it became his only friend and companion." Mr. Smith continued his journey southward, 

 by the rivers Albreda and North Thompson, to Kamloops. From this station he followed 

 the ordinary route to Yale, where he arrived on September 23rd, the fourth month 

 from the day he left Ottawa. From Yale he took the steamer for New Westminster, and 

 returned home by way of San Francisco and the Union Pacific Railway. 



(10) Expeditions in connection with the Geological Siirvejj, 18*71-18*79. 



Since British Columbia became part of the Dominion no year has passed without 

 explorations being carried on in the Pacific Province by the officers of the Geological 

 Survey. The chief director, Dr. Selwyn, has frequently made examinations in the territory 

 and has crossed and re-crossed the Rocky Mountains. In 18*71, having reached Victoria 

 by way of Chicago and San Francisco, he left in July for the mainland. He followed 

 the valley of the Fraser to Lytton, passed on to Kamloops, and by the North Thompson 

 ai;d the Albreda travelled to Tête-Jaune-Cache. He reached Yi'llow Head pass on 

 October 21st. Returning by the same route he arrived at Victoria on November 29th, 

 and Montreal on December 2(jth. For the four years 18*71 to 1874 Mr. Richardson was 

 engaged in the geological examination of Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Islands. In 

 1873 Dr. Selwyn crossed the plains from Red River to the Rocky Mountains and 

 returned by the North Saskatchewan. In 18*73 Dr. Bell examined the country between 

 Red River and the South Saskatchewan, and in 18*74 the district between Lakes Manitoba 

 and Wiunipegoosis. 



In 18*75 Dr. Selwyn made an extended exploration of that part of the country formerly 

 known as New Caledonia. He followed the trail to Fort Fraser on Stuart Lake, thence 

 he proceeded across to Fort McLcod near the source of Peace River. On July 3rd he left 

 Fort McLeod and descended Peace River. On July 11th, after passiug the mouth of Fiulay 

 River, Dr. Selwyn ascended a mountain 4,590 feet above his camp, and 6,220 above the 



