EXPEDITIONS TO PACIFIC. 133 



sea. He passed up Piuo Eiver, following the stream as far as his cauoe would Uoat. 

 He returned to Fort St. John aud descended Peace Iviver to Duuvegan ; proceeding down 

 stream to the forks, he ascended and partially explored Smoky Eiver. This proved the 

 limit of Dr. Selwyu's expedition, aud he returned by the route he had followed. The 

 result of his labours is embodied in the Geological Eeport of 1875-76. 



Trof. Maeoun, who accompanied Dr. Selwyn, continued the exploration from the 

 mouth of Smoky Eiver to Lake Athabasca ; thence he proceeded eastward by the Methye 

 X^ortage and along the ordinary route of the Hudson's Day Company to Carletou, aud 

 returned to Ottawa by way of "Winnipeg. The result of Prof. Macoun's exploration is 

 given in " Geological and Geographical notes" for the year 1875. 



In 1875 Dr. G. M. Dawson commenced his labours in British Columbia by making an 

 examination east of the lower part of the river Fraser. The following year he made ex- 

 plorations in the basin of the Blackwater, Salmon, Nechacco Eivers and Francois Lake. 

 The same season Mr. Eichardson continued the examination of the coal fields of Nauaimo 

 and Comox. 



In 1877 Dr. Dawson devoted his time to an extended geological survey of southern 

 British Columbia, and the following season to an examination of Queen Charlotte Island. 

 Dr. Bell spent the summer of 1878 in the country bordering on the Churchill and Nelson 

 Rivers, and three years later he made examinations in the Athabasca and Mackenzie 

 Rivers regions. In 1879 Dr. Dawson accompanied Messrs. Cambie, McLeod and Gordon 

 from Port Simpson, on the Pacific, through northern British Columbia and the Peace 

 River country to Edmonton. From Edmonton, crossing the plains to Winnipeg, he 

 reached Ottawa. 



The services performed by the geological staff have been highly important, and deserve 

 the most respectful mention. The volumes which have annually appeared relate in 

 detail the results of the several explorations, and fully establish the value of the exami- 

 nations which have been carried on, equally in the interest of general science aud in 

 making known the economic materials which are found in the territory. 



(11) Travels of the Marquis of Lome and the Princess Louise, 1881-1882. 



In the suiumer of 1881, the Marquis of Lome, then Governor-General of Canada, 

 started on a journey through the Northwest Territory. Part of the Canadian Pacific 

 Railway between Lake Superior and Winnipeg was then under construction, and the rails 

 were laid from both ends, leaving an intervening gap at that date of about seventy miles. 

 Lord Lome reached Port Arthur by steamer, passed over the railway some 230 miles by 

 a construction train to the end of the track. From this spot the journey was chiefly by 

 canoe through a series of lakes and water channels until he reached the completed railway, 

 by which he travelled to Winnipeg. 



From Winnipeg, Lord Lome travelled westward 115 miles by rail to a point where 

 other means of locomotion became necessary. Here he was met by an escort of the 

 Mounted Police under Major Crozier, aud thus attended in his further journey, he 

 proceeded over the plains on horseback to the North Saskatchewan, thence to Red 

 Deer district, Calgary and Bow River. Lord Lome crossed the frontier east of the 

 mountains, and passed into the United States as far as Fort Shaw in Montana. He 



