MINRRALS OCCUEmNG JN CANADA. 73 



Cobequid Mouutaius, Londonderry, Colchester Co., Nova Scotia. Analyses, H. Louis, 

 Trans. N. S. Inst., vol. v, p. 49, 1819-82. 



23. Anohthite — Thi.s felspar is one oi'the component minerals of the coarsely crystalline 



intrusive diorite of Yainaska Mountain (Yamaska Co.), in the province of Quebec. 

 Analyses, T. S. Hunt, Geol. Can., 1863, p. 470. 



24. Anthracite — Of the Carboniferous system is not known to occur in Canada : there 



are, however, doiiosits of this mineral, of Cretaceous agv, on the Queen Charlotte 

 Islands — the best known locality being at Cowgitz, on Skidegate channel, at the 

 southern end of Graham Island — province of British Columbia. For reference to 

 analyses, see under " Mineral Coal." 



25. Anthraxolite — This name has been given, by Prof. E. J. Chapman, birt simply as a 



convenient term for present use, to the black combustible coal-like matter which is 

 not uufrequently nret with in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario. He describes it 

 as Ibllows : —Black, lustrous, resembling anthracite in general characters, but very 

 brittle. Hardness equals 2-25 — 2-50; specific gravity, 1-35 — 1'55. G-enerally 

 decrepitates when heated. Before the blowpipe, a small fragment loses its lustre, 

 but exhibits no further change. Composition, essentially carbon, with from 3 — 25 

 per cent, of volatile matter, including a small amount of moisture, and ash varying 

 from — 11 per cent. Exhibits under the microscope no trace of organic structure. 

 Dr. T. S. Hunt, in speaking of this material says, " It can scarcely be doubted but 

 that it has resulted from the slow alteration of liquid bitumen in the fissures of the 

 strata." This would explain the great variability in the percentage of volatile 

 matter (exclusive of moisture) which is observed in specimens from different localities 

 the amount of alteration having in some instances i:)roceeded further than in others. 

 It never occurs in true beds like coal, but is found either liniug fissures or filling 

 veins and fissures, sometimes several inches in diameter, in the limestones, shales 

 and sandstones, and even in the trap rocks which traverse these. Sometimes it occurs 

 in buttons or drops, forming botyroidal masses. It has been met with in many places 

 in the province of Quebec, viz., on the Island of Orleans, at Quebec and Sillery 

 (Quebec Co.), Point Levis, and St. Nicholas (Levis Co.), Lotbinière (Lotbinière Co.), 

 Drummondville (Drummond Co.), Acton (Bagot Co.), in the vicinity of Chatte 

 Eiver in Gaspé, and elsewhere. In the province of Ontario it has been observed 

 filling fissures in the chert beds among the Upper Copper-bearing rocks of Lake 

 Superior. Analyses, T. S. Hunt, Geol. Can., 1863, pp. 524-526. 



26. Antimony. Native, — In a lamellar or, more rarely, finely granular form, occurs, in 



association with stibnite, valentinite, senarmontite and kermesite, accompanied by 

 quartz and a little brown-spar, in veins in argillite in the township of South Ham, 

 Wolfe county, province of Quebec. 



27. Apatite — The variety Muor-apatite is very common in the Laurentian rocks of Canada, 

 where it occurs both in the form of veins and of large irregular shaped deposits or 

 lenticular masses. The most imjDortant deposits are in the townships of Bucking- 

 ham, Templeton, Portland and "Wakefield (Ottawa Co.), in the province of Quebec — 

 but extensive deposits also occur in the townships of North and South Burgess and 

 North Elmsley, in the province of Ontario. This mineral also occurs in connection 

 with crystalline limestone — being found, in the form of olive-green terminated 



Sec. Ill, 18S9. 10. 



