Section IV, 1889. [ S7 ] Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada. 



TV. — On some Relations hetioeen the Geology of Eastern Maine and New Brwiswick. 



By L. "W. Bailey. 



(Read May 23, 1888.) 



Is is uow twenty-six years siuce the date of piiblicatiou of Prof 0. H. Hitchcock's 

 Second Report upon the Geology of Maine, a work containing descriptions and accom- 

 panied by a map illustrative of the geology of those portions of the State which are adjacent 

 to the Province of New Brunswick. It was at about the same time that, in this latter 

 Province, a renewed interest in its geological structure and history was being awakened 

 by a more careful study of the formations exposed in and near the city of St. John, and 

 the discovery of the remarkable flora and fauna which they contain. These discoveries 

 were at that time made the basis of some interesting comparisons between the geology 

 of St. John and that of south-eastern Maine, especially as regards the plant-bearing 

 beds of the two districts, by Sir "Wm. Dawson ; but it was not until the year 1868 

 that, by the extension of the work of the Dominion Greological Survey to the Lower Pro- 

 vinces, anything like a systematic study of the actual border-region between the two 

 countries was begun. With the progress of these investigations in New Brunswick much 

 additional light was necessarily thrown upon the geology of eastern Maine, while actual 

 examinations of the latter were from time to time made, when they seemed likely to be 

 of service to a more correct appreciation of the geology of the former. In the year 18*70 

 the avithor, in conjunction with Mr. Gr. F. Matthew, read before the meeting of the Amer- 

 ican Association in Salem, a paper entitled, " Remarks on the Age and Relations of the 

 Metamorphic Rocks of Ne\y Brunswick and Maine," in which, after a brief review of the 

 formations identified up to that time in the Province, the extension of certain of these 

 formations into the State of Maine was pointed out, and their bearing wpon the probable 

 age of other groups was discussed. 



The formations regarded as thus common to the two countries were these, viz. : — 



(1.) A series of coarsely granitoid and obscurely gueissic rocks, crossing St. Croix 

 River in and about the town of Calais, and which were supposed to be of Laurentian age. 



(2.) Red Granites regarded as probably representing altered sediments of Upper 

 Silurian or Lower Devonian age. 



(3.) Several bands of slates and sandstones, in part micaceous, which rested upon 

 the granites, and were regarded as inchiding both Silurian and Devonian horizons. 



(4.) To these, finally, were to be added the Red Sandstones and Conglomerates of St. 

 Andrew's and Perry, containing a distinctively Devonian flora. 



In these comparisons, howeA^cr, only that portion of Maine bordering upon St. 

 Croix River was included, the country north of the sources of the latter not having 

 then been made, in New Brunswick, the subject of examination. Some years later, a 



Sec. IV, 1889. 8, 



