78 lawrencp: m. lambb on some marine sponges, etc. 



Fig. 8. — E!>penopds Qualsinoends {page 75). Vertical section at the surface ; x 60. * 



Figs. 8a, 8b. Styli ; x 272. 



Fig. 8c. Isochela, side view ; x 272. 

 Fig. 9. — Halichundria panicea (page 81). Oxeote spicule ; x 1?,G. 



Fig. 9a. Small oxeote spicule ; x 272. 

 Fig. 10. — Halichondria panicea (page SI). Oxeote spicule ; x 272. 



Fig. 10a. Small oxeote .spicule ; x 272. 

 Fig. 11. — Halichondriapanicea {pa.ee 8[). Large oxeote spicule ; x 136. 



Fig. 11a. Small oxeote spicule; x 272. 

 Fig. 12. — Reniera rufescens (page 81). Section showing the arrangement of the skeleton ; x 60. 



Fig. 12a. Oxeote spicule ; x 272. 

 Fig. 13. — Egperiopsis laxa (page 76). Skeleton arrangement, as seen in vertical section at the surface ; x 00. 



Fig. 13a. Stylus ; x 272. 



Fig. 13b. Isochela, side view ; x 272. 



Fig. 13c. Isochela, front view ; x 272. 



PLATE VI. 



Fig. 1. — Cydonium Mulleri (page 78). Section at right angles to the surface, through the cortex ; x 8. 



Fig. la. Somal oxeote spicule ; x 42. 



Fig. lb. Minute oxeote spicule ; x 272. 



Fig. Ic. Orthotrisene ; x 42. 



Fig. Ic'. Cladi of orthotriocne ; x 60. 



Fig. Id. Cladal end of protriœne ; x 136. 



Fig. le. Protrifcne ; x 5. 



Fig. If. Cladal end of anatri;ene ; x 136. 



Fig. Ig. Anatritene ; x 5. 



Fig. Ih. Sterraster; x 272. 



Fig. li. Oxyasters ; x 272. 

 Fig. 2. — Bathydorus Daw.ioni (page 79). General arrangement of the pareucliymal skeleton as seen in section 

 parallel to the dermal surface ; x 7. 



Fig. 2'. Large oxydiact ; x 10. 



Fig. 2a'. Large diact ; x 10. 



Fig. 2a. Small diact ; x 60. 



Fig. 2b. Rough ends of the same; x 272. 



Fig. 2b'. Club-shaped end of diact ; x 136. 



Fig. 2c. Oxyhexaster; x 272. 



Fig. 2d. Oxyhexact ; x 272. 



Fig. 2e. Discohexaster ; x 272. 



Fig. 2f. Portion of hypoderraal pentact ; x 30. 



Fig. 2g. Hypodermal pentact ; x 4. 



Fig. 2h. Autodermal pentact ; x 272. 



Fig. 2i. Autodermal tetract; x 272. 



Fig. 2k. Autogastral hexact ; x 272. 

 Fig. 3. — AphrocaUistes Whiteavesiamif: {page SO). Part of the dictyoual skeleton near the dermal surface ; x 00. 



Fig. 3a. Dermal hexact pinulus ; x 136. 



Fig. 3b. Dermal he.xact pinulus, with an unusually long proximal ray ; x 136. 



Fig. 3c. Stout, rough scopula ; x 272. 



Fig. 3d. Slender, smooth scopula ; x 272. 



Figs. 3e, 3e'. Uncinatum ; x 272. 



Fig. 3f. The same ; x 60. 



Fig. 3g. Rough hexact ; x 272. 



Fig. 3h. Rough hexact, with bent rays ; x 272. 



Fig. 3i. Rough tetract; x 272. 



Fig. Sj. Smooth hexact ; x 272. 



Fig. 3k. Smooth aster; x 272. 



Fig. 31. Rougli diacohexact ; x 272. 



Figs. 3m, 3n. Discohexasters ; x 272. 



Fig. 3p. Rough diact with central inflations ; x 272. 

 Fig. 4. — Esperiopms Qualdnoenm (page 82). Stylus; x 272. 

 Fig. 5. — Phakellia papyracea, var. (page 82), Large stylus from the main skeleton; x 272, 



Fig. 5a. Small stylus from surface brush ; x 272. 



