232 Porifera. 
with tufts of spieules beneath, and numerous stellate masses in 
the flesh on the underside. 4 Genera(?), 
Fam. VI. Zophurellidae. Sponge oblong, with a single excretory 
pore above, and with a depressed central cavity; lower part of the 
body with numerous scattered anchorate rooting spicules. 2 Genera. 
Fam. VII. Casuladae, (Sponge free; base surrounded by a funnel- 
shaped expansion or disk formed of elongate spicules united to- 
gether.) 1 Genus. 
Fam. VIII. Chondrilladae. (Sponge without elongate tricurvate spi- 
cules, with stellate groups of spicules in the outer surface and 
inner part of the sarcode,) 2 Genera. 
Fam. IX. Ancorinidae. (Sponge without globular balls of spicules or 
stars, but with elongate spicules, two- or three-rayed and recurved 
at the outer end, on the margin of the Sponge.) 2 Genera; 
Section BB Potamospongia. Sponge freshwater, of a green colour; ova coria- 
ceous, strengthened with variously shaped spicules placed in the 
substance of the ovisacs; they are found in the substance of the 
massive branched Sponge, which is strengthened by fusiform spi- 
cules; Sponge spiculost, with fusiform spicules in a sarcode, 
Fam. I. Spongilladae. (Diagnose wie früher, s. S. 227.) 7 Genera. 
Wir können jetzt übergehen zur Prüfung der Gattungen. 
Fam. Spongiadae. 
1. Spongia L. 
2. Spongionella Bwk.: 
*3. Cacospongia O. 8. 
*4, Phyllospongia Ehl. 
*5. Aplysina Ndo. 
*6. Verongia Bwk. 
*7, Janthella Flem. 
Fam. Ceratelladae. 
rl. Ceratella.*) ,„Sponge or coral irregularly dichotomously branched, 
more or less expanded on a plane from a single base; of a dark brown 
colour, of a uniform, hard, horny substance; stem hard, dark brown, 
solid; base dilated, rather compressed, of a uniform rigid somewhat spongy 
texture, with a velvety surface, which is formed of an abundance of very 
minute, eylindrical, tortuous grooves. The branches and branchlets tape- 
ring, formed of a very large quantity of nearly parallel paler brown, 
projeeting, horny points, divergent at the ends, and produeing a spinu- 
lose surface. The branchlets tapering to a point, with a series of acute, 
divergent tufts of spieules on each side (oseules or cells), with a small 
eireular mouth below the produced acute outer edge of the tufts of spi- 
eules; one of the tufts is placed at the end of the branchlet, and the 
tufts seem to be produced at the base of the previously formed tufts.“ 
Trotz der ausführlichen Diagnose ist es mir unmöglich, ein Urtheil über 
diese Gattung zu haben. Nur scheint es mir immerhin noch möglich, 
dass sie nicht einmal zu den Hornschwämmen, ja nicht einmal zu den 
*, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, p. 577 and 579. 

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