il] main habitats, successions, and climaxes 335 



Further Consideration 



Most of the subjects treated in this chapter will be found discussed 

 — though often in a different light — in each of the books of Tansley, 

 Leach, Drabble, Weaver & Clements, Costing, and McDougall cited at 

 the end of the preceding chapter. 



More specialized works dealing with the aspects indicated by their 

 titles are : 



F. E. Clements. Plant Succession : an Analysis of the Development of 

 Vegetation (Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publ. No. 242, 

 pp. xiii + 512, 1916). 



F. E. Clements, J. E. Weaver, & H. C. Hanson. Plant Competition : 

 an Analysis of Community Functions (Carnegie Institution of Wash- 

 ington, Publ. No. 398, pp. xvi — 340, 1929). 



Sir E. J. Russell. Soil Conditions and Plant Growth, eighth edition 

 edited by E. W. Russell (Longmans, London etc., pp. xvi + 635, 



1950)- 



P. J. Kramer. Plant and Soil Water Relationships (McGraw-Hill, New- 

 York etc., pp. xiii -j- 347, 1949)- 



R. Geiger. The Climate Near the Ground, translated by M. N. Stewart 

 and others (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., pp. 

 xxi + 482, 1950). 



It may be noted that whereas ecologists are notoriously prone to 

 make and use technical terms (so that humorists say they will even 

 call a spade a ' geotome '), of \vhich not a few- have been introduced 

 in the above chapter, these latter were in most cases selected either 

 for their precision-giving value or because they would be needed 

 elsewhere in this work, and particularly in the following chapters 

 dealing with the main vegetation-types of the w'orld. Many of these 

 terms occur again and again, though in other cases such non-com- 

 mittal words as community (for any grouping of plants, or econ) 

 or ' ecotone ' (denoting the transition zone between tw^o communities) 

 are employed. Several ecological terms, such as association and 

 subclimax, are unfortunately liable to be used in entirely different 

 senses by members of different schools of ecological thought ; for 

 the present work the most widespread or generally appropriate use 

 has been chosen, others being commonly ignored in the interests of 

 simplicity. A definition or other indication of the sense employed 

 has usually been given on introduction of each technical term in 

 this book, and may be found through the index. 



