14] 



VEGETATIONAL TYPES OF TROPICAL LANDS 



453 







A 



** ^' »*:*!%*'' 



♦•*■ 



K 



4J1 



¥.*, 



Fig. 156. — Areas of desert in central Iraq. A, metre quadrat showing only i 

 small perennial tuft (on right-hand side, about two-thirds of the way back), although 

 numerous tinv seedlings are appearing after heavy rain. B, close-up of an adjacent, 

 less gravelly area a verv few weeks later, showing species of Schismus (slender 

 Grass), Maha (broad dark leaves), and Plantago (thin rosettes) developed to 

 maturity. The nails projecting from the frame are 10 cm. apart m both A and B. 



