6l4 INDEX 



Migration, barriers to, 5,97, 103-6, iii, 



125-7, 156 

 — , climatic deterioration and, 153, 155, 



160, 161 



— elements, 211 



— , glaciation and, 153, 155, 156-65 

 • — levels, marine Algae and, 522, 524 



— rate, 177 



Milkweed, see Asclepias 

 Millet, 115, 229, 257 

 Mimosas, 358 



Mineral constituents of soil, 298 

 ■ — nutrients, 301-2, 432, 482, 490, 519 



— salts, Algae and, 475, 476 

 Minorca, 522 

 Mint, 262 

 Miocene epoch, 129, 145, 151, 152 



— flora, 151 



• — landscape, reconstruction of, 152 

 Mires, 314, 373 

 Mississippi River, 338 

 Mississippian period, 129 

 Mistletoe, see Viscum orientale 



— family, see Loranthaceae 

 Mixed forest, 333, 340, 341, 345-6 



— rain forest, 425, 426 

 Mixing, in lake water, 477, 481, 486 

 Modern distributions, foundations of, 



154-81 

 Modifications of crops and weeds, 215- 



223 

 Molinia coeriilea (Moor-grass), 374 

 Mollusca (Molluscs), 117, 524 

 Monadnocks, 544 

 Monkeys, fruits and, 116 

 Monkshood, see Aconitum 

 Monoboreal theory, 171 

 Monoclimax hypothesis, 331-2 

 Monocotyledones (Monocotyledons), 



68, 70, 71, 73, 276, 355, 365, 457, 

 — , fossil, 143, 145, 151 [461 



• — ; marine, 529, 530 

 — , stem structure of, 70, 71 

 Monomorph, 223 

 Monsoon area, 10, 11 



— forest, 332, 439-41 

 Monsoons, benthos correlated with, 529 

 Montane forest, 350, 376, 377, 468, 469 

 — • zone, 377, 467, 468, 470 

 Montia, 124 



Moonwort, see Botrychium 

 Moor, lowland, 374 



forest, tropical, 462, 463 



grass, see Molinia coerulea 



Mor (raw humus), 303 



Mora excelsa (Mora), 426 



Moraceae (Mulberry family), 272 



Moraines, 545 



Morchella (Morel), 44, 45, 259 



Morel, see Morchella 



Morphological botany, 4 



Mortality of disseminules, 125 

 Moss, see Bog and Musci 



— Campion, see Silene acaidis agg. 



— etc. mat, 325, 402, 405, 407, 409, 503 



— protonema, 52, 491 

 Mosses, see Musci 

 Mossy forest, see Elfin wood (forest) 

 Motile Schizophytes and Thallophytes, 



or phases of, 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 



34.37,41-42,45 

 Mould, see Miicor mucedo 

 Moulds, see Fungi 

 Moulton, F. R., 506 

 Mounds, 547 

 Mountain-ash, see Sorhus aiicuparia and 



Eucalyptus regnens 



— Avens, see Dryas octopetala s.l. 



— barriers, 105, 125 



— climate, 409, 467, 470 



— Cranberry, see Vaccinium vitis-idaea 

 agg. 



— grassland, 410, 413 



— heathland, 410 



— slopes, physiographic aspect and 

 vegetation on, 294, 295, 296 



— Sorrel, see Oxyria digyna 



— vegetation, 294-6, 315, 375-7, 409-15 

 Mountains, endemism on, 205 

 Mouse, 276, 306 

 Mucor tuucedo (Mould), 44, 45 

 Mud, marine, seaweeds and, 522, 525, 



528, 529, 530. 531. 532, 533 



— medallions, desert, 368 



— polygons, 370 



— , Zostera and, 528, 530, 532, 535 

 Muddy tidal flats, 454, 456-7, 533 

 Muenscher, W. C, 253 

 Mulberry, 258, 269 



— family, see Moraceae 

 Mullein, see Verbascum 

 Mummy Wheat, 248 

 Murlins, 259 

 Musa (Abaca, Manila-hemp), 235, 270 



M. paradisiaca s.l. (Banana), 235, 239, 

 258, 282, 430 

 Musci (Mosses), 51, 52, 53, 54, 102, 145, 

 346, 347, 385, 392, 416, 418, 470, 

 491 



antarctic, 416, 417, 418, 421-2 

 aquatic, 325, 406, 493, 498, 499, 503 

 — , light requirements of, 473, 475, 



503 

 arctic, 102, 385, 387, 401, 407, 409 

 — heath and, 393, 409 

 — , scrub and, 392 

 as pioneer plants, 327, 373, 407, 409 

 bog (see also Sphagnum), 373, 374 

 desiccation and, 78 

 dominant, 387, 500 

 epiphytic, 322, 434, 468, 469, 470 

 fossil, 133, 145 



