^34 



INDEX 



Tetraspore, 39 



Textile industries, 3 



Thalassia, 529 



Thalloid Liverworts, 49, 50 



Thallophyta (Thallophytes), 24, 29-49, 



14s, 146, 515 

 Thallus, 31, 32, 35. 37, 38-9. 498 

 Thames Valley, 158 

 Thatching, 268 

 Thaw-sink topography, 546 

 Theobroma cacao (Cacao, Cocoa), 243, 



260, 266 

 Thermal temperature, 499 

 Thermocline, 477, 487, 495 

 Thermograph, 288, 289 

 Therophyte, 93, 94, 95 

 Thimann, K. V., xviii, 74, 82 

 Thistle, 248 



Thomas, H. Hamshaw, xviii, 144 

 Thompson, H. D., 561 

 Thorn-apple, see Datura stramonium 

 - — woodlands, 442, 443, 446, 467 



, geographical location of, 443 



Thornbush, 442 



Thornthwaite, C. W., xvii 



Thornwood, 442 



Thorny scrub, 365 



Three-toothed Saxifrage, see Saxifraga 



tricuspidata 

 Thunder-god vine, 276 

 Thyme, 262 

 Tibet, 413 



Tidal action, 369, 525, 526, 536 

 - — deltas, 550 



— effects, 319, 526, 527, 531-8 



— flats, 533 



— girdles of Phaeophyceae etc., 532-8 



— pools, 523, 532 

 Tide-levels, 368, 454, 512, 513 



— - -mark, 319, 458, 523, 526, 536 



Tides, dispersal by, 108 



Tierra del Fuego, 338, 421 



Tilia (Lime-tree, Linden), 105, 173, 341 



— , fruit of, 105 



T. americana (Bass wood), 341 

 Tillaea moschata, 420 

 Tillandsia (Spanish-moss), 271, 443 



T. usneoides {Spanish-moss), 103, 331, 



352, 353 



Timber, 13, 243, 268 



-- -line, 377, 380, 410, 413 



Time-sequence, geological, 128 



Timothy Grass, see Phleum pratense 



Tintinnids, 516 



Tissue, 12, 13, 70, 71, 82, 87, 452 



Toad, 1 17 



Toadstool {see also Fungi), 43 



Tobacco (see also Nicotiaiia tabacum), 



world production of, 239, 240 

 Tolerance of exposure, Cyanophyceae 



and, 495, 526, 530 



Tolerance of high temperatures, 77, 87, 



495, 499 



— of low temperatures, 77, 539 



— of salinity. Algae and, 502, 508, 509, 



523, 533 



— of shade, 428, 430, 434, 530, 546 

 Tolypothrix distorta, 495 



Tomato, see Lycopersicum esculentum 

 — , Late-blight of, see Phytophthora 

 Tonic, 263, 264 [infestans 



Tonka bean, 262 

 Topography, 182, 183, 283, 293-6, 411 



— (of taxon), 182, 188 

 — , thaw-sink, 546 

 Tornado, 99 

 Toronto, 161 



Torrential communities, 463, 498-9 



Torrey Pine, see Torreya 



Torreya (Torrey Pine), 192 



Torula Yeast, 270 



Toxic root excretions, 80 



Toxins, soil, 80, 304, 329 



Tracheophytes, 54 



Transatlantic vicariads, 202, 203 



Transcaspian Desert, 366 



Transect, 567, 568 



Transparency of sea-water, 511, 514 



Transpiration, 14, 289, 291, 301, 343 



— , deciduous habit and, 337, 343 



— , desert plants and, 452 



— , regulation of, 343, 363, 452, 457 



Transplant experiments, 568 



Transportation, ectozoic, 111-14, 116- 



— , endozoic, iii, 1 14-15, 116, 117 

 — , wind, 27, 99-106 

 Trapa (Water-chestnut), 160, 199 

 T. natans (Water-chestnut), 199 

 Tree {see also Forest, etc.), n, 63, 93, 

 146, 277, 289, 292, 352, 362, 379, 

 426, 427, 429, 433, 469, 566 



— -ferns, 59, 60, 61, 62, 146, 148, 162, 



351. 353, 427 



— -limit, 292, 293. 376, 377. 380, 411 



, altitudinal, 345, 377 



-, northern, 292, 345, 348 



— of life, 129 

 veld, 441 



Trees, absent from arctic regions, 380 



— , aged, of slow growth, 348 



— , competition between, 428 



— , — with Grasses, 307, 360, 361, 363 



— , deciduous, 11, 337, 338, 339, 340-4 



— , distribution of, 65, 213, 243, 246, 



247, 380, 543 

 — , efiect of wind on, 291, 292, 293 

 — , giant, 63, 67, 348, 379 

 — , restriction to valleys, 361, 362, 543 

 Trembling Aspen, see Populus tremii- 



loides 



