GENERAL ZOOLOGY 



Subphylum Plasmodroma 

 Class Sarcodina 

 Class Flagellata 

 Class Sporozoa 



SUBKINGDOM PROTOZOA 

 PHYLUM PROTOZOA 



SUBKINGDOM METAZOA 



PHYLUM MESOZOA 



PHYLUM PORIFERA 



PHYLUM COELENTERATA 

 Class Hydrozoa 

 Class Scyphomedusae 

 Class Anthozoa 



PHYLUM CTENOPHORA 



PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES 

 Class Turbellaria 

 Class Trematoda 

 Class Cestoda 



PHYLUM NEMERTINEA 



PHYLUM ASCHELMINTHES 

 Class Rotifera 

 Class Nematoda 

 Class Gastrotricha 

 (Other minor classes) 



PHYLUM ACANTHOCEPHALA 



PHYLUM ENTOPROCTA 



PHYLUM ECTOPROCTA 



PHYLUM PHORONIDEA 



PHYLUM SIPUNCULOIDEA 



PHYLUM ECHIUROIDEA 



PHYLUM MOLLUSCA 

 Class Amphineura 

 Class Pelecypoda 

 Class Gastropoda 

 Class Scaphopoda 

 Class Cephalopoda 



PHYLUM ANNELIDA 

 Class Archiapnelida 

 Class Polychaeta 

 Class Oligochaeta 

 Class Hirudinea 



Subphylum Ciliophora 

 Class Ciliata 

 Class Suctoria 



PHYLUM ONYCHOPHORA 



PHYLUM ARTHROPODA 

 Subphylum Trilobitomorpha (Ext.) 

 Subphylum Chelicerata 



Class Xiphosurida 



Class Eurypterida (Ext.) 



Class Pycnogonida 



Class Arachnida 

 Subphylum Mandibulata 



Class Crustacea 



Class Diplopoda 



Class Chilopoda 



Class Insecta 



(Other minor classes) 



PHYLUM CHAETOGNATHA 



PHYLUM BRACHIOPODA 



PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA 

 Subphylum Pelmatozoa 



Class Cystoidea (Ext.) 



Class Blastoidea (Ext.) 



Class Crinoidea 

 Subphylum Eleutherozoa 



Class Asteroidea 



Class Ophiuroidea 



Class Echinoidea 



Class Holothuroidea 



PHYLUM HEMICHORDATA 



PHYLUM CHORDATA 

 Division Acraniata 

 Subphylum Urochordata 

 Subphylum Cephalochordata 

 Division Craniata 

 Subphylum Vertebrata 

 Superclass Pisces 

 Class Agnatha 

 Class Placodermi (Ext.) 

 Class Chondrichthyes 

 Class Osteichthyes 

 Superclass Tetrapoda 

 Class Amphibia 

 Class Reptilia 

 Class Aves 

 Class Mammalia 



Fig. 7.2. The phyla of the Animal Kingdom and their principal subdivisions. 



Ray adopted the concept of the species, limiting the term to forms producing 

 offspring like themselves when bred together; this definition has much in com- 

 mon with the modern understanding of this important concept. However, it 

 remained for Linnaeus (1707-1778), justly called the Father of Classification, 



216 



