INDEX 



Barriers, geographic, 631 



Basilar membrane, 108, 110 



Basket stars, 486, 497 



Bass, 559, 606, 611 



Bateson, W., 190 



Bats, 579, 584, 633 



Bavliss, 117 



Bears, 580 



Beaver, 580, 590 



Beche-de-mer, 488 



Bees, 469, 470 



Beetles, 423, 463, 464, 485, 620 



Behavior, 100 



Behavior pattern, 124 



Bemhex, 4:7 \ 



Bering Sea, land bridge, 631 



Bering Strait, 644 



Bermuda, 632 



Beta cells, 120 



Bichir, 558 



Bilateral coordination, 99, 102 



Bilateral symmetry, 148; in evolution, 619; 

 of echinoids, 501; of holothuroids and echi- 

 noids, 509 



Bilateria, 219, 221, 225, 312; reproductive 

 systems of, 531 



Bile, 72, 75, 117 



Bile duct, 50, 72 



Bilirubin, 84 



Binary fission, in Amoeba, 235-236; in Euglena, 

 242; in Paramecium, 254 



Binocular vision, 591 



Binomial nomenclature, 217 



Biogenesis, 259-262 



Biological control, 614 



Biological oxidation, 37, 79 



Biological sciences, 7 



Biologv, 7 



Biometry, 172, 173-174 



Biotic environment, 605-615 



Biotic factors, of environment, 594 



Biotin, 33 



Biparental reproduction, 141 



Bipinnaria larva, 496, 501, 509 



Birds, 541, 574-579; aquatic, 576; blastula of, 

 150; brain of, 86; development of eye in, 

 154; embryonic development of, 634; embr\'- 

 onic membranes of, 160; cmbrvos of, 156, 

 157; fossil, 575; gastrula of, 150; localiza- 

 tion of neural tube in, 153; wing of, 633 



Birth rate and population growth, 611 



Black widow spider, 482 



Blacktongue, 33 



Bladder worm, 337, 338 



Blastocoel, 148 



Blastoderm, 133 



Blastodisk, 146, 150 



Blastoidea, 216, 486, 487 



Blasloidocrmus, 487 



Blastopore, 151; lip of, 152, 167 



Blastostvle, Oheha, 301, 302 



Blastula, 148-151 



Blastula cavity, 148 



Blastula stage, 148 



Blepharoplast, 239 



Blood, 50, 63; antigens, 164, 199; clotting, 

 32, 64, 119, 199 



Blood cells, of insects, 450; of vertebrates, 

 red, 63, 84, 164, 199; white, 54 



Blood fluke, 332 



Blood gills, of invertebrates, 516 



Blood plasma, 54, 63 



Blood pressure, 53 



Blood proteins, 65 



Blood sugar, 120, 122 



Blood transfusion, 65, 164 



Blood types, 65, 199 



Blood-vascular system, 50; see also Circulatory 

 system 



Blue Andalusian fowl, inheritance in, 179 



Blue crab, 440, 442, 443 



Blucjav, 578 



Boa, 571 



Boat shells, see Crepidula 



Body cavities, types, 222-223 



Body cavity, 48, 343; in evolution, 619 



Body plan, 151; diploblastic, 151; of annelids, 

 420; of arthropods, 484; of aschelminths, 

 354; of coelenterates, 310; of echinoderms, 

 508; of flat worms, 343; of mollusks, 393; of 

 sponges, 282; triploblastic, 153 



Body plans, and common ancestry, 633; com- 

 parison of, 223; of animals, 632 



Bodv temperature, 54, 78, 114, 596; regula- 

 tion of, 125-126, 597-598 



Bomhyx mori, 469 



Bone, 61, 62; in primitive fishes, 557 



Bone marrow, 62; red, 62, 63 



Book lungs, 481,485, 517 



Botanv, 8 



Botflv! 476 



Bolhrnps alro.x, 573 



Botryllus, 549, 550 



Bowfin, 558 



Bowman's capsule, 58, 83 



Box tortoise, 567, 570 



Brachiation, of gibbon, 586 



Brachiopoda, 216, 219, 221, 344, 361 365, 

 528, 543, 621 



Braconid wasps, 469, 470 



Brain, 87, 154; of amphioxus, 552; of clam- 

 worm, 400; of craniates, 553; of crayfish, 

 433, 434; of dinosaurs, 567; of earthworm, 

 413, 524; of insect, neurosecretory cells, 

 526; of leech, 420; of locust, 451, neuro- 

 secretory cells, 456; of mammals, 579; of 

 nemertine, 341, 342; of planarian, 318, 319; 

 of polvclad, 326; of prehuman pri- 

 mates, 591; of rhabdocoel, 326; of srjuid, 

 390, 525 



682 



