INDEX 



Excretory ducts, 57, 129 



Excretory mechanisms, of invertebrates, com- 

 posite, 518 



Excretory organs, 50, 56, 82; and salt balance, 

 601; of Branchiostoma, 552; of crayfish, 432, 

 433; of locust, 448, 449-450; of Nereis, 400; 

 of pelecypods, 374; of squid, 390; of verte- 

 brates, 521 



Excretory system, of earthworm, 408; of 

 Platyhelminthes, 314; of rotifer, 345, 346; 

 of tapeworm, 336; of Turbellaria, 318; of 

 vertebrates, 56-58, 156 



Excretory systems, of animals, 518 



Excretory tubules, see Nephron 



Excurrent canals, 276, 278 



Excystment, of Entamoeba hislolytica, 238 



Exopodite, 427, 428 



Exoskeleton, 601; general characteristics, 527; 

 of ammonoids, 624; of arthropods, 484, 

 529; of brachiopods, 528; of corals, 308, 

 528; of crayfish, 429; of ectoprocts, 528; of 

 hvdroids, 528; of locust, 445; of mollusks, 

 528; of squid, 528 



Experiment, 4 



Experimental breeding, 173, 175-185 



Experimental embryology, 173, 194-197 



Exponential curve, 610 



External ear, 61 



External environment, 594 



External respiration, 79 



Extinction of species, 654 



Extracellular digestion, of Hydra, 292 



Eye, 89, 91, 105, 154; of crayfish, 435, 436, 

 437; of locust, 446; of Peden, 374, 375; of 

 planarians, 319, 320; of squid, 389, 391 



Eye color, in Drosophila, 190; in man, 198 



Eye spot, of starfish, 490 



Eyeball, 105, 167 



Eyestalk glands, of crustaceans, 435 



h\ generation, 175 



F_> generation, 175 



Facilitation, 99 



Fact, 4 



F"airy shrimp, 437, 438 



Fallopian tube, 132, 144 



Fangs, of venomous snakes, 571, 573 



Far-sightedness, 105 



Fat body, and excretion, 521; in insect larvae, 



455; in locust, 449 

 Fat depots, 48, 77 

 Fat drops, 20 

 Fats, 26, 30 



Fatty acids, 26, 38, 72, 76; essential, 30 

 Faults, geologic, 623 

 Feather star, 486, 506, 507 

 Feathers, 574; as insulation, 598 

 Feces, 74, 84 

 Feeding, in Amoeba, 233; in whalebone 



whales, 608; of Chameleon, 571; of Cteno- 



phora, 310; of lampreys and hagfishcs, 555; 

 of Paramecium, 252 



Feeding and digestion, in Amoeba, 233-22>4; in 

 Arbacia, 499; in ascidians, 546; in Brachio- 

 poda, 364; in Branchiostoma, 552; in locust, 

 449; in Paramecium, 253; in Protozoa, 511- 

 512; in rotifers, 346; in squid, 392; in star- 

 fish, 491 ; in Thyone, 504 



Felis leo, 587 



Female pronucleus, 143 



Fence lizard, 572 



F>r-de-lance, 573 



Fertilization, 141, 142-145 



Fertilization membrane, 144 



Fetal erythroblastosis, 164 



Fetus, 164 



Fever, 126 



Fibrin, 64 



Filarial worms, 353 



Filtration, of blood, 83 



Final common path, 100 



Fine fibrillar component, 19 



Fins, of Branchiostoma, 550; of fishes, 554 



Firebrat, 458, 459 



First filial generation, 175 



First maturation division, 136, 139 



First meiotic division, 136, 139 



First polar body, 139 



Fish, brain, 86; circulatory system, 51; em- 

 bryo, 156 



Fish tapeworm, 339 



Fishes, as hosts of glochidia, 377 



Fish-like stages, in vertebrate development, 

 634 



Fission, 141, 530; in Amoeba, 235; in Engleria, 

 241; in Paramecium, 254; in planarians, 322; 

 in rhabdocoels, 326; in Stenostomum, 325 



Fixation of tissues, 13 



Flagella, of peritoneum, starfish, 493 



Flagellata, 216, 219, 229, 239-244 



Flagellated chambers, of sponges, 277 



Flagellates, colonial, 265, 267, 269; colorless, 

 242; of termites, 243, 458; parasitic, 243- 

 244; skeletal rods of, 528 



Flagellum, 137, 239 



Flame bulbs, of invertebrates, 519; of pla- 

 narians, 317-318 



Flame cells, of planarians, 318 



Flatworms, 314-343, 516 



Flavin nucleotides, 32 



Flemming, Walter, 39 



Flies, 423, 475 



Flight, in insects, 485 



Flightless birds, 574; isolation of, 579 



Flounder, 559 



Flying fish, 559 



Fol, Hermann, 141, 142, 144 



Folic acid, 33, 76 



Follicle, of egg cell, 122, 130, 139; of thyroid 

 gland, 119 



689 



