48 WESLEY MILLS ON 



They now bite andcheui at objects. They show a decided aversion to Epsom salts. 



2bth day. — Began feeding milk. They do fairly well, at first attempt to lap. 



26th day. — They push througli some slats confining them, showing considerable co- 

 ordinative power, etc. 



SOih day. — Repeated and rapid pinching of their sides makes them very angry — snarl, etc. 



The fall of a shovel causes them all to cower with/ea?-. 



32?î(Z day. — Lip-call followed by their approach with wagging tail. 



Slth day. — The sound of a whip surprises and seems to puzzle them. 



45<A day. — When about to punish another mature terrier they hide away under the 

 benches. 



They are put down in the yard, a large one, for the first time, and seem puzzled and. shy. 



4:6th day. — Great changes now visible in physical features, expression of face, (more 

 knowing) etc. They now crowd each other when eating from the same dish. Tlieir move- 

 ments and whole demeanour more terrier-like. This is seen in play very clearly. 



The}' are now much more readily and profoundlj^ affected l:)y noises. 



47//( day. — Rapid development owing to enlarged experience ; much more aggressive. 



50//i daii. — Two of them given bones. Each goes off with one ; when one comes up to 

 take the other's, he pulls it away but does not growl. Lies down to bone and uses his feet 

 to steady it like a mature dog. When the bone is snatched up the puppy sniffs about after it. 



Sexual and individual differences now more evident. I mean that the peculiarities 

 of shape, expression and demeanour that characterize a mature bitch and which only close 

 observers of dogs detect are now fairly well developed. 



bSthday. — When looking out into darkness at night they show hesitation, fear, etc. 



The discussion that follows is based almost entirely on the diary of the litter of St. 

 Bernard puppies extended over sixty days. 



The extract from the diary of another litter of St. Bernards (their half brothers and 

 sisters) is introduced for comparison chiefly ; that of the Bedlington terriers for this reason 

 and in addition because it supplements the chief diary, and in some respects makes good 

 omissions in investigations in the early days. 



Remarks on the Diary, etc. 



As the litter of puppies on which these remarks are chiefly based was a very healthy, 

 active and especially even one, there being no weaklings and none very nuicb in advance 

 physically or otherwise, the notes are of the more value as representing observations in per- 

 fectly normal specimens of pure-bred dogs. 



The facts most striking in tlie first few days of life are the frequent desire to suck, the 

 perfect ability to reach the teats of the dam just after birth, the misery evident under cold 

 or hunger, and the fact that the greater part of existence is spent in the sleeping state. The 

 latter is so well known that I have not thought it necessary to make special notes upon the 

 subject. But it, of course, gradually gives way to a form of existence in which sleep has a 

 less and less prominent share. 



There are many reasons why so much time is spent in sleep, and why sleep is so readily 

 induced, to some of which reference has been made in the diary, and to which I shall refer 

 again. 



