42 SCIENCE IN AFRICA 



angulation as the responsibility of the local administrations, but 

 lack of resources and trained personnel make it difficult for them 

 to carry out the work. Other geodetic work, together with level- 

 ling with a view to topographical maps, is progressing well in 

 certain British territories, particularly Nigeria, the Gold Coast and 

 Tanganyika. In the Gold Coast the full survey is complete as far 

 north as 7° 30' N. latitude, and the framework to 10° 30' N..Nigeria, 

 having a much greater area, is not so well placed, and the Surveyor- 

 general estimates that an expenditure of ^^ 15,000 to ;£20,ooo is 

 required to complete the framework, after which the department 

 will be in a position to proceed steadily with topography. In 

 Tanganyika a scheme was prepared in 1925 primarily with the 

 object of incorporating all known triangulations within a proper 

 net, the chains of triangles being arranged to pass through the 

 areas of most economic importance, as indicated by the presence of 

 minerals, European colonization and dense native population. A 

 loan of nearly ^24,000 was received from the Colonial Develop- 

 ment Fund, and progress has been rapid. This survey will form 

 the subject of a special report by the Director of Surveys, and sum- 

 maries of progress, with maps showing the completed and pro- 

 posed chains of triangles, are included in recent annual reports of 

 the survey department. 



In the Belgian Congo geodetic surveys have been carried out in 

 the following regions : for the Bas-Congo, a boundary triangulation 

 has been almost completed along the Belgian-Angola boundary 

 by collaboration between the two administrations. The boundary 

 between the Congo and Northern Rhodesia has also been fixed by 

 triangulation from the Luapula River to the Congo-Zambesi 

 divide, and along the divide as far as the 24th meridian East; this 

 was done by Belgians and British in collaboration. In Ruanda- 

 Urundi, a complete secondary triangulation has been carried out 

 and another line of secondary triangulation extends westward 

 from the north end of Lake Albert. Commandant Maury, the 

 Director of Surveys at the Belgian Ministry for Colonies, has 

 planned a line of triangulation roughly following the fifth parallel 

 south, in order to join the Bas-Congo with the Ruanda triangula- 

 tion and the 30th arc when complete. Then it is proposed to work 

 round the great north bend of the Congo from the Bas-Congo to 



