SOIL SCIENCE 131 



111 the Anglo -Egyptian Sudan there are five chemists, three at 

 Khartoum and two at Gezira, who work mainly in the cotton 

 areas and have accomphshed some of the most detailed investiga- 

 tions yet undertaken in Afi:'ica. The whole of the southern Sudan 

 is practically untouched from soil or other agricultural points of 

 viev/, except by Mr. G. G. T. Morison (1935) who is carrying out 

 a series of expeditions to study the soil-vegetation relationships. 

 He hopes that his new soil department at Oxford may co-operate 

 with the Sudan government to organize more intensive studies 

 of the southern Sudan with a view to determining its agricultural 

 and other potentialities. Several publications by Professor Vageler 

 (1932-3) deal with some of the soils of the Sudan. 



In the Colonies^ Protectorates and Mandates^ soil science comes under 

 the direction of the departments of agriculture. As a rule the soil 

 samples are collected by field agricultural officers or others inter- 

 ested, and are transmitted to central laboratories for study by the 

 agricultural chemists. In East Africa the numbers of chemists 

 employed in the agricultural departments are as follows : Kenya, 2 ; 

 Uganda, 2; Nyasaland,i; Tanganyika i (on the staff of the new 

 Coffee Experimental Station near Moshi)^; Zanzibar, i; none in 

 Northern Rhodesia^ or Somaliiand. 



The soil scientist at the East African Agricultural Research 

 Station at Amani, Mr. G. Milne, is the one person in the African 

 colonies whose time is given wholly to soil survey. In co-operation 

 with the agricultural chemists in the several colonies and the 

 assistant chemist at Amani, he is attempting a general soil survey 

 of the East African dependencies. All data on soils collected in the 

 several territories are sent to Amani for correlation, and soil 

 samples fromi Tanganyika itself are analysed at Amani by Milne 

 and his assistant. This work when complete, will give a good idea 

 of the relative potentialities of land in native and settled areas, and 

 may be expected to point the way for agricultural development. 

 The results up to 1935 were presented at the third international 



* Outside the x\gricultural Department, Tanganyika has a keen student of soils, 

 particularly on erosion questions, in the Pasture Research Officer of the Veterinary 

 Department, Mr, R. R. Staples ; and the Chief Engineer of the Railways, Mr. C. 

 Gillman, has contributed notable observations on soil conditions in many parts of 

 the territory. 



- Mr. C. G. Trapnell, in his ecological survey of N. Rhodesia, which is referred to 

 in more detail in Chapter vi, has already paid some attention to soils. 



