390 SCIENCE IN AFRICA 



another five years it should be 10,000, provided sufficient suitable 

 cattle are available. Each man with two bullocks can plough ten to 

 fourteen acres in the same time that he could cultivate three acres 

 with the hoe. This extension of cultivation is largely devoted to 

 the production of cotton, which, it is estimated, will increase by 

 10,000 bales in the next five years; experiments on suitable cottons 

 have been conducted by the Empire Cotton Growing Corporation 

 at their seed farm at Daudawa. 



Mixed farming has been made possible only since the veterinary 

 department has succeeded in controlling rinderpest and other 

 major cattle diseases by inoculation processes. Trypanosomiasis 

 still renders stock raising uneconomic in many areas, but, in so far 

 as the extension of mixed farming results in concentration of popu- 

 lation in permanent settlements, it will reduce not only the man- 

 fly contact, but also the cattle-fly contact, as mentioned in Chapter 

 X. With regard to the efficacy of farmyard manure in increasing 

 fertility, the work of Hartley and Greenwood (1933), mentioned 

 in Chapter V, may be referred to once again as showing the re- 

 markably increased yields in the arid climate of Northern Nigeria, 

 which result from small applications. 



The possibility of mixed farming in the forested southern parts 

 of Nigeria has not yet been the subject of serious inquiry, but the 

 presence of herds of shorthorn cattle which, though diminutive 

 in size, apparently show complete resistance to local strains of 

 trypanosomiasis, is taken by some people to indicate the possibility 

 of development along similar lines. 



In the Gold Coast experiments with mixed farming in the Nor- 

 thern Territories are progressing at Tamale, and suitable animals 

 are being produced by the Government stock farm at Pong- 

 Tamale in charge of the department of animal health. At 

 Zuarungu near the French frontier eflforts have been made to 

 persuade native farmers to take up the practice, but so far little 

 success has been achieved owing to the lack of any organization 

 for the advance of funds for the purchase of animals and imple- 

 ments. The large pastoral areas of the Accra plains near the coast, 

 where a survey of possibilities in animal husbandry has recently 

 been made by Mr. Fulton of the department of animal health, 

 also offer opportunities for mixed farming now that animal dis- 



