ANIMAL INDUSTRY 459 



which has been tried in Tanganyika, was also under investigation 

 (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1936, D.R.). 



In East Africa, dairying has become a distinct branch of the 

 European cattle industry of Northern Rhodesia; the number of 

 suppliers of the co-operative creamery at Lusaka rose from 63 in 

 1935 to 78 in 1936, and the amount of butter manufactured rose 

 from 146,029 lb. to 206,052 lb, in the same period. Native parti- 

 cipation is still very small; one centre, a mission station, collects 

 cream from them. The possibilities of establishing a native ghee 

 industry are receiving attention. In Nyasaland, an interesting 

 demonstration of the value both of good animal management and 

 of feeding clean milk to children, is being undertaken by the 

 veterinary in conjunction with the medical department; milk, 

 purchased by the government from cattle-owners who comply 

 with specific instructions for the care of their cattle, is supplied 

 to a certain number of school children in addition to their ordinary 

 diet. It is hoped that the results will prove a valuable ocular 

 demonstration. In Tanganyika a demonstration on somewhat 

 similar lines consists in the supply of milk to boys of the Mpwapwa 

 school from the veterinary department's farm there. As part of 

 the general policy of increasing the milk supply, experiments with 

 milking goats have been undertaken, but have so far failed owing 

 to the increased susceptibility to worm infection which accom- 

 panied improved milk yield. Clarified butter (ghee) is manufac- 

 tured under the supervision of the department at ten factories in 

 the Central and three in the Western Province, which are opened 

 temporarily during periods when there is a milk surplus; in 1936 

 the output was 30-4 and 4-2 tons respectively. A flourishing ghee 

 industry, under private management, has grown up in the Musoma 

 area of the Lake Province; the quality of the ghee, though below 

 the uniformly high standard required of factory-made certified 

 butter, is good, and in 1936 some 700 tons were produced, which 

 is thought to be practically the limit of production (Tanganyika, 

 Veterinary, 1936, D.R.). The industry is given help and advice 

 by the veterinary department; in 1936 a new method of production 

 by boiling the cream direct to ghee without previous churning, was 

 introduced; it has been described in a paper by the chemist 

 (French 1936). In Kenya the ghee industry is also encouraged 



