460 SCIENCE IN AFRICA 



by the veterinary department during the brief periods of abundant 

 rainfall when milk is plentiful; dairy units are provided at suit- 

 able centres, and consist of a churn, separator, and accessory 

 equipment housed in temporary or permanent buildings. The 

 question of attaining a standard quality is under investigation, 

 for without the guarantee of such a standard, export is difficult. 

 In 1936 the total number of dairies established was 772 and their 

 production of ghee approximately 10,000 cwt. In the European 

 areas, butter and cheese are produced; in 1936 24,983 cwt. of 

 butter was exported. (Kenya 1936, D.R.) In Uganda the pro- 

 duction of ghee is also encouraged by the veterinary department 

 through a series of posts and demonstrations mainly financed 

 from Native Administration sources. As in other territories, care 

 is taken that only surplus milk shall be so utilized. An interesting 

 scheme is the production of good quality butter at a centre in 

 Bugishu, first sponsored by the veterinary department and since 

 taken over by private persons. 



In West Africa the veterinary department of Nigeria first en- 

 couraged the manufacture of ghee in 1932 by establishing buying- 

 posts, through which central depots for dairying and packing 

 were supplied. The industry has now been taken over entirely 

 from the department by the United Africa Company, which has 

 erected two factories, one at Kano and the other at Jos, where 

 butter bought from native cattle-owners is rendered down into 

 fat; the method of manufacture is the same as that at Vom. 

 Additional butter-buying centres are being opened in seasonal 

 cattle-grazing areas. In 1936, 547 tons were exported as compared 

 with 321 tons in 1935, and it is estimated that with the trade 

 properly organized, exports should soon attain i ,000 tons (Nigeria, 

 Veterinary, 1936, D.R.), In the Belgian Congo European farmers 

 produced in 1936 55,458 kilos of butter and 3,943 kilos of cheese. 



The Journal of Dairy Research, published triennially in Great 

 Britain, besides giving original papers, reviews and summarizes 

 progress in dairy research. 



