^82 SCIENCE IN AFRICA 



In 1 93 1 5 a considerable grant of ;^43,079 for public health was 

 made to the territory by the Colonial Development Fund, most 

 of which has been spent on the erection of hospitals. There are 

 still many rural areas, especially in the north, which are out of 

 reach even of the smaller dispensaries. In 1935, an advisory 

 Native Welfare Committee, representing all departments inter- 

 ested, was set up. Its main object is to elaborate a co-ordinated 

 welfare policy, and to see that the sums voted for this purpose are 

 divided between the departments in the manner which will secure 

 the best results. A laboratory at Zomba is in charge of a govern- 

 ment pathologist, but routine duties prevent much time being 

 given to pure research. The education department has taken 

 interest in spreading knowledge of hygiene. In particular the 

 Jeanes School has a special course for chiefs which has apparently 

 had considerable influence on the type of house erected and even 

 in the selection of village sites. 



In Tanganyika the Medical Department, under the direction of 

 Dr. R. R. Scott, is divided into branches. In 1936, the medical 

 branch had 39 medical officers, 2 dentists, a dental mechanic, and 

 a nursing staff of 30. The health branch had 6 health officers, 

 6 lady health visitors, and 21 sanitary inspectors. The sleeping 

 sickness organization had a sleeping sickness officer and 7 agri- 

 cultural surveyors. The laboratory service is centred at Dar-es- 

 Salaam, but has a special institute for vaccine lymph at Mpwapwa; 

 its staff* in 1936 consisted of a senior pathologist, 2 medical officers 

 (seconded), a government analyst, and a laboratory assistant. In 

 addition to these, three research units are maintained by special 

 grants from the Colonial Development Fund. One is devoted to 

 trypanosomiasis research, with a laboratory at Tinde, staffed by 

 one medical officer and a laboratory assistant; one to malarial 

 survey, with two medical officers, an engineer and three sanitary 

 superintendents, and one to tuberculosis research, with one 

 medical officer. These special units accounted in 1936 for an 

 expenditure of ^^8,549 over and above the departmental expendi- 

 ture of £185,735. The large Asiatic staff* of 55 assistant and sub- 

 assistant surgeons and 24 compounders is a most important part 

 of the establishment. The African staff*, which in 1936 amounted 

 to about 2,000, included 109 dispensers and 140 sanitary inspec- 



