484 SCIENCE IN AFRICA 



are actually general advisers on native betterment under the 

 medical officers. Health work in the provinces centres, as usual, on 

 the district hospitals, and the aim of the department is to establish 

 a 'health centre' in each large native district, with a hospital and 

 out-dispensaries, the staff to include a medical officer and Euro- 

 pean nursing sister, and a European sanitary inspector (Kenya 

 1936, D.R.). Some out-dispensaries, staffed by native dressers, are 

 established in the native reserves, seven being maintained by the 

 native administrations. 



Maternity and child welfare work has made progress in recent 

 years, and is undertaken by the missionary societies, the municipal 

 council of Nairobi and the Lady Grigg Welfare League, in addition 

 to the medical department. 



In 1936 the population was given as 18,269 Europeans, 52,277 

 Asiatics, and 3,186,976 Africans. Government hospitals provided 

 73 beds for Europeans, 52 for Asiatics, and 1,928 for Africans. Euro- 

 pean in-patients were 1,817, Asiatic and African 46,632; European 

 out-patients were 3,609, Asiatic and African 408,788; out-dispensary 

 first attendances were 640,261. In 1936 there were 54 European 

 medical officers (including the Laboratory Division and 2 assistant 

 surgeons), 50 European nurses, 12 sanitary inspectors, and 3 health 

 visitors; among the Asiatic staff were 2 assistant and 24 sub-assistant 

 surgeons; the African staff of 1,204 included 30 health workers, 33 

 hospital and 92 laboratory assistants, 12 compounders and 648 

 dressers. Departmental expenditure was £197,049 out of a total of 

 £3.350.381. 



In Uganda the Medical Department, under Dr. W. H. Kauntze, 

 is sub-divided into administrative, executive, and laboratory 

 divisions. The executive European staff is in general similar to 

 that of Tanganyika and Kenya, but the policy is to insist that the 

 medical officer of the district is responsible for both curative and 

 preventive work. In proportion as qualified African assistants are 

 available, the European medical officer is able to devote more and 

 more time to preventive duties. Among the African staff are 30 

 medical assistants, holding appointments in the African Civil 

 Service, who have been trained at the Mulago Medical School 

 [see later) . In many places they have replaced Asiatic sub-assistant 

 surgeons, and some are even in charge of districts. The medical 

 laboratory is situated in the grounds of the Mulago Hospital near 



