HEALTH AND MEDICINE — GENERAL 499 



work in every district, there has been a greater development of 

 unofficial organizations than in the British or French colonies, a 

 situation comparable with that in Belgium, where preventive 

 services are largely in the hands of voluntary associations. These 

 work in well-defined areas under Government control, which exists 

 by legal agreements in the case of mining companies, by reason of 

 conventions or in return for subsidies in the case of benevolent 

 societies and missions. 



Belgian policy has concentrated to a marked degree on the 

 extension of facilities to rural districts. For medical purposes 

 each administrative district is sub-divided into a number of ter- 

 ritories. These are allotted to the official organizations known 

 as the Service de V Assistance Medicals aux Indigenes (SAMI), and 

 the unofficial bodies known as the Service Auxiliaire de V Assistance - 

 Medicale aux Indigenes (SAD AMI). The SAMI includes the state 

 service mentioned above, and a subsidiary organization especi- 

 ally endowed, the Fondation Reine Elisabeth pour V Assistance Medicale 

 aux Indigenes (FOREAMI); while the SAD AMI includes the 

 numerous medical missions and religious infirmaries, which are 

 doing remarkably fine work, and also two important organizations 

 — the Croix-Rouge du Congo and the Fondation Medicale de V Universite 

 de Louvain an Congo (FOMULAC) . 



The FOREAMI, established in 1930, has large financial 

 resources and has done remarkable work. A capital sum of 

 150,000,000 francs was provided as a permanent endowment, 

 100,000,000 from the Congo Government, 50,000,000 from the 

 Belgian Government, and an additional gift of 288,853 from 

 Queen Elisabeth. The annual expenditure has risen from q.\ mil- 

 lion francs in 1931 to nearly 1 1 million in 1934. Dr. Trolli, formerly 

 Chief Medical Officer of the Congo Free State Service, is director 

 of the organization, and some 27 Belgian doctors and 20 sanitary 

 agents, together with a large number of African assistants are 

 maintained permanently in the field. The FOREAMI has com- 

 plete charge of the medical work in a huge, but well-defined zone, 

 in which a more thorough medical service for the natives than that 

 in the rest of the colony has been organized. The FOREAMI 

 subsidizes the private medical organizations in its area, especially 

 the missions, which collaborate in its policy. The method adopted, 



