109 
Malpighi (1628-1694). Plant anatomy. First observed bordered pits. Gave 
first account of the development of the seed. 
Grew (1628-1711). Coined term eas eer Fist saw stomata (on ferns). 
Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723). Lenses. First to see crystals in plant cells 
e. g., Iris and Smilax). 
Wolff (1733-17904). Epigenesis. 
Amici. Intercellular spaces contain air vs. sap. First to observe that 
pollen tubes enter the micropyle 
Comparetti. First observed opening and closing of stomata. 
Bernhardi. Discovered annular vessels. The spiral threads are surrounded 
a membrane. 
ee Gee: All ae are plants, and the filaments of lichens 
d fungi-consist of ce 
meant (1779-1864). een intercellular spaces in parenchyma. 
Discovered he on capsule of mosses 
Beninga (1815-1871). Advanced our knowledge of the structure of the 
-capsule. 
Trentepohl. First observed escape a ees of zoospores of Vaucheria. 
Thuret (1853). Fertilization in Fuc 
ringsheim. Sexual process in ee etc. Alternation of genera- 
tions in Muscineae. Conjugation of swarm spores in Volvoxineae. 
Co exual formation of spores in Spaeroplea 
Micheli me 737). Director of eae nic Garien at Florence. Observed 
development of fungi from spores. 
eae ae ee described te in a mould. (Conjugation in 
Syevg 
Sindee First declared true nature of Lichen 
Hook (1635-1703). Improved microscope. Discov ae cellular structure 
of plants. 
Mirbel (1776-1854). Founder of vegetable histology in France. All plant 
ue is modified parenchyma. Study ape 
Moldenhawer (1766-1827). First to employ ma ee on for separating 
vessels and woody cells, and established dual’ nee of the cell-wall 
between adjacent cells. Dispelled error that outer layers of wood are 
med from the i st. 
Meyen Gaede iso). ae terms prosenchyma, etc. Explorer; pro- 
lific writer. 
Von Mohl (1805-1872). Cell formation. First described vegetative cell- 
division. Phytotomy. The cell the foundation of plant structure. 
Explained lenticels. Gave the name “ protoplasm.” 
ead (1795-1871). Walls of plant cells are of cellulose. Starch-studies. 
covered (with Be S00). oe 
Schleiden (b. 1804). Cell-the 
Unger (1800-1870). Manta “init Physiologie der Pflanze 
Schacht (1824-1864). “ Die Pflanzenzelle.” Mode of pena of bor- 
dered p 
