1905.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 211 
MOLLUSCA OF THE SOUTHWESTERN STATES, I: Uroooptidw; Helicide of 
Arizona and New Mexico. 
BY HENRY A. PILSBRY. 
In these papers the mollusks collected by Mr. James H. Ferriss and 
the writer in the expedition made in 1903 and by Mr. Ferriss in two 
visits to Arizona in 1902 and 1904 will be discussed. The present contri- 
bution deals chiefly with Mr. Ferriss’ researches in Arizona, where an 
extraordinarily rich and varied snail fauna was found in the canyons of 
the Chiricahua and Huachuca Mountains. In the study of these mate- 
rials I have worked over many specimens received from the late E. H. 
Ashmun, who first made known to us the richness of the Arizona snail 
fauna, and from Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, whose unceasing labors on 
the fauna and flora of New Mexico are familiar to all naturalists. The 
treatment of the genus Ashmunella has been made practically mono- 
graphic. 
It is unfortunate that no good topographic survey of southern Ari- 
zona has been published. It is extremely difficult at present to deter- 
mine some localities given by previous naturalists, or to clearly indi- 
cate the positions of those explored by Mr. Ferriss. The accompanying 
sketch of the canyons explored in the Huachucas makes no pretensions 
to cartographic accuracy beyond showing the relative positions of the 
localities mentioned in the text. From Fort Huachuca to Ramsey 
Canyon is 10 miles; to Carr Canyon 14, and to Miller Canyon 20 miles. 
Manilla mine is 6 miles from Fort Huachuca. The range is about 30 
miles long and 6 wide. 
Of the Chiricahuas, it may suffice to say that Bar or Bearfoot Park 
is on the summit, and is believed to lie at 8,500 feet elevation. There 
was a sawmill there in 1904. From it toward the southwest Sawmill 
Canyon leads, and Cave creek flows down from the opposite side. 
This must not be confused with Cave Creek Canyon in the Huachucas. 
Fly Park, the type locality of Ashmunella chiricahuana, is on the same 
mountain, farther south about two(?) miles. Cave creek is 30 miles 
from Nine-Mile Canyon, and 20 miles from Fort Bowie. Mr. Ferriss 
has given notes on the general conditions of collecting and on the coun- 
try in the Nautilus for September, 1904. 
Some considerations of general interest to evolutionists are touched 
