1906.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 159 
Succinea concordialis Gld. Figs. 11, 12. 
Gould, in Terr. Moll. U. S., II, p. 82 (Lake Concordia). 
Moll. U. S., V, p. 419; Man. Amer. Land Shells, p. 441. 
Succinea forsheyi Lea, Proc. A. N.S. Phila., 1864, p. 109; Obs. Gen. Unio 
XI, 134 (Rutersville, Texas). 
Succinea haleana Lea, Proc. A. N.S. Phila., 1864, p. 109 (Alexandria, La.). 
Succinea halei Lea, Obs., XI, 136 (n. n. for S. haleana). 
Binney, Terr. 
" Distribution, Gulf States from Florida to the Rio Grande, on mud 
or herbage near the water’s edge. Common from Louisiana west- 
ward, probably rare and local eastward. 
The type locality, Lake Concordia, is not in Texas, as Gould and 
Binney supposed, but in Louisiana. The lake is an abandoned ox- 
bow of the Mississippi river, opposite Naches, Mississippi. Some of Lea’s 
original lot of S. halei (haleana) before me show that to be merely the 
young of concordialis. S. forsheyt Lea, of which two cotypes are in 
the Philadelphia collection, is surely identical with concordialis. 
An adequate knowledge of the distribution of S. concordialis east- 
ward awaits further exploration of the Gulf coastal peneplain, which 
in Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and Florida has been very imper- 
fectly examined for land mollusks. I have not seen S. wilsoni Lea, 
described from Darien, Ga., the figure of which looks a good deal like 
concordialis, though it seems to be less swollen basally. Specimens col- 
lected by Mr. A. A. Hinkley at Cypress creek, Ala., in 1895 are evi- 
dently concordialis; and a set of very pale shells, corneous instead of 
amber-colored, before me from Mayport, Florida, collected by M. A. 
Mitchell about twenty years ago, seems to agree with concordialis in 
everything but color. Northward it extends to Frierson (L. 8. Frier- 
son) and Bayou Pierre (George Williamson), in northwestern Louisiana, 
the specimens from these places being rather small. The species must 
also extend in a long lobe up the Mississippi and its tributaries, for 
typical specimens have lately been sent by Mr. A. A. Hinkley from 
Dubois, Illinois, and by Mr. T. Van Hyning from Des Moines, Iowa. Mr. 
Van Hyning notes that ‘‘the animal is black with small yellow dots.”’ 
These Northern shells may be distinguished from S. retusa by their 
pot-bellied figure and reddish apex. 
In Texas, specimens were taken by us in April at San Marcos, Hays 
county; New Braunfels, Comal county; San Antonio, Bexar county ; 
along the Rio Grande near and San Filipe river, at Del Rio, and along 
the Devil’s river, Val Verde county. We have seen it also from Lee 
county (Singley) and Spring creek, Victoria county (J. D. Mitchell). 
It lives on the moist earth immediately adjacent to the water’s 
edge, and where found is usually abundant. It is a thin shell, rather 
