ILLUSTRATIONS 



FIGURE PAGB 



C. Upper left incisor of fossil Neanderthal (Ehrings- 

 dorf), showing basal swelling and ridges. (After 

 Virchow.) 



D. Upper left incisor of old Egyptian, showing 

 mammillate incisal edge, marginal rims and lingual 

 ridges. (After Ilrdlicka.) 



E. Lower right incisor of young gorilla, showing 

 mammillate incisal edge and faint lingual ridges. 



F. Lower right incisor of Neanderthal (Le Moustier.) 

 (After Virchow.) 



G. Lower right incisor (labial surface) of white boy, 

 showing mammillate incisal edge and labial ridges. 

 (From Hrdlicka, after Zuckerkandl.) 



73. — The Three Types of Central Upper Incisors 139 



(After J. Leon Williams.) Lower row, first type; 

 middle row, second type; upper row, third type. 



74. — Palatal Arches of Anthropoids and Men . 140 



A. Gibbon, female. (From Selenka, after Rose.) 



B. Gorilla, male. (From Selenka, after Rose.) 



C. Chimpanzee, female. (From Selenka, after Rose.) 



D. Orang, female. (After Hrdlicka.) 



E. Neanderthal man (Le Moustier). (From Weinert, 

 after Dieck.) 



F. Modern white man, composite. (From Selenka, 

 after Rose.) 



75. — Lower Front Premolars of Fossil Anthro- 

 poids AND Man ..... 144 



A. Fossil anthropoid, Dryopithecus fontani. (After 

 Gregory and Hellman.) 



B. Fossil anthropoid, Dryopithecus cautleyi. (After 

 Gregory and Hellman.) 



C. Fossil anthropoid, Sivapithecus himalayensis. 

 (After Pilgrim.) 



D. Fossil Neanderthaloid (Ehringsdorf). (After 

 Hans Virchow.) 



E. Homo sapiens. (After Selenka, from Rose.) 



XXX 



