OUR FACE FROM FISH TO MAN 



tree-living habits of his remote primate ancestors 

 and that these tree-living adaptations were overlaid 

 by a later but very extended series of adaptations 

 for bipedal running on the ground. 



THE ALMOST HUMAN FACE APPEARS 



Doubtless many factors conditioned the pro- 

 gressive enlargement and differentiation of the 

 brain, which is so marked a characteristic of the 

 whole Primate order, but perhaps the leading 

 factor was the correlated use of eyes and hands and 

 at first, feet, not only in locomotion but in the 

 seizure and manipulation of food. And no doubt 

 the habit of sitting upright also tended to free 

 the hands for the examination of nearby objects, 

 while the habit of climbing in an erect posture, as 

 in the gibbon, finally gave rise to the almost 

 human face of the anthropoid apes, as will pres- 

 ently be shown. 



We do not yet know the exact time and place 



in which certain advanced primates began to take 



on specifically human characters, although there 



is much evidence at hand indicating that the time 



was not much earlier than the Lower Miocene, 



and the place somewhere within the known area 



64 



