INDEX 



Evolution, proceeds by loss of 

 superfluous parts, 114; of 

 human face. Sir Arthur Keith 

 on, 120; of primates, diver- 

 gent, 57; of the circumor- 

 bital bones. Fig. 51, 81; of 

 human dentition. Fig. 77, 

 147; also Fig. 78, 148; of the 

 human jaw bones. Fig. 50, 

 80; of human jaw muscles. 

 Fig. 61, 103; of human skull 

 roof. Fig. 49, 79; of human 

 skull, under side. Fig. 53, 85; 

 of the temporo-mandibular 

 series. Fig. 52, 82; of the 

 vertebrate eye. Fig. 97, 185 



Eyes, beginnings of. Fig. 91, 175; 

 biconjugate movement and 

 the oculomotor nerves, 198; 

 ciliary muscles of, 193; cir- 

 cumorbital bones, evolution 

 of the, 88; Fig. 51, 81; clear- 

 ness of vision and the brach- 

 iating habit, 198; correlation 

 of vision with smell, 156; as 

 directional organs, 178, 200; 

 dorsal eyes. Fig. 97, 185, 187, 

 200; elements of primitive, 

 and their functions, 175; 

 choroid of vertebrate, 188; 

 evolution of vertebrate. Fig. 

 97, 185; evidence of em- 

 bryology on origin of verte- 

 brate, 186; function of paired, 

 177; Plate cited on paired 

 eyes of vertebrates, 178; 

 paired eyes essentially an 

 outgrowth of brain, 179; 

 meagre fossil evidence of 

 origin of vertebrate paired 

 eyes, 184; vertebrate and 

 invertebrate, compared, 178, 

 180, 181; summary of deve- 

 lopment of vertebrate, 200; 

 human, as a camera, 189; 

 development of human eyes 

 favored by arboreal life, 55, 

 90; function of human, 173; 

 comparison of human, and 

 shark, 192; comparison of 

 human, and anthropoid, 195; 

 position of, inherited from 

 pro-anthropoid stock, 196; 

 pineal and parapineal. Fig. 

 97, 185, 200; caruncula of 



human, 194; fundus oculi of 

 human, 199; horizontal sec- 

 tion of. Fig. 100, 193; iris of 

 human and anthropoid, 198; 

 lacrymal glands and canals 

 of human. Fig. 101, 194; 

 macula lutea of human and 

 anthropoid, 199; muscles of 

 human. Fig. 98, 190, 191; 



of cephalopod mollusca, devel- 

 opment of Fig. 95, 181 



of flatworm (Planaria), Fig. 92, 

 177, Fig. 2, facing 6 



of jellyfish {Catablema), Fig. 91, 

 175 



of jellyfish (Sarsia), Fig. 91, 175 



of Ampkioxus, Fig. 96, 183 



of deep-sea cephalopods, 178 



of Crustacea and insects, 178 



of flatworms, 6, 176 



of Galago, 60 



of invertebrates, 174 



of advanced lemuroids, 60 



of Limulus, 182 



of higher mollusca, 178 



of Nautilus, 181 



of Notharctus, position in, Fig. 

 35, 196 



of Pecten, 178 



of Planaria, as directional 

 organs, Fig. 93, 178 



of Planaria, section. Fig. 92, 177 



of pre-chordates, 186 



of primates, development of, 

 65; progressive declination of 

 the. Fig. 36, 59 



of protista, 174 



of sand-flea (Orchestia), Fig. 2, 

 facing 6 



of scorpion, 182 



of shark (Chlamydoselachus 

 anguineus). Fig. 6, 13, 15 



of shark, horizontal section. 

 Fig. 99, 192 



of shark nearer to human than 

 to invertebrate, 191 



of squid, section of. Fig. 94, 179 



of Tarsius, Fig. 31, facing 53, 

 60 

 Eye stalks, formation of the. Fig. 



97, 185 

 Eyeball, muscles of the human. 

 Fig. 98, 190; muscles of the, 

 of shark. Fig. 6, 13, 15 

 Eyelids, of man, 194; of Sepia, 180 



268 



