INDEX 



Smith, G. Elliot, cited on evolution 

 of primate brain, 63 



Sonntag, Charles F., work on 

 facial muscles, 132 



Spaniel, King Charles, ateleosis 

 in, 231 



Spectral tarsier (Tarsius), Fig. 31, 

 facing 53 



Spinal cord, of Amphioxus (sec- 

 tion). Fig. 96, 183 



Sphenoid bone, 83; sinus of the, 

 162; effect on the face of the, 

 170 



Sphenoid sinus, connection with 

 nasal meati. Fig. 85, 163 



Sphenodon, head of. Fig. 23, 42 



Sphenodon, see also Hatteria 



Sphincter colli, as origin of facial 

 muscles, 43, 44; of Echidna, 

 Fig. 23, 42; of Sphenodon, 

 Fig. 23, 42; migration of, 132 



Splenial bone, evolution of. Fig. 

 52, 82; reduction of, 88; of 

 Megalichtkys, Fig. 64, 111; of 

 T rimer orhachis. Fig. 64, 111 



Spiracle, of shark, Fig. 6, 13, Fig. 

 81, 155 



Squamosal bone, meniscus be- 

 tween dentary and, in embryo 

 Perameles, Fig. 22, 38; socket 

 of lower jaw in the, 39; 

 evolution of. Fig. 52, 82; 

 contact with ascending ramus 

 of dentary in mammals, 87, 

 108, 109; fused with periodic 

 mass in mammals, 88; only 

 remnant of temporo-mandi- 

 bular series in mammals, 88 



Squid, eye of. Fig. 94, 179; 

 comparison of eyes of, with 

 those of vertebrates, 179, 

 180 



Stapes, of human ear. Fig. 103, 

 203, Fig. Ill, 216; derivation 

 of the, 215; of frog. Fig. 106, 

 208; of Permocynodon, Fig. 

 112, 217; of foetal armadillo. 

 Fig. 114, 221; of human 

 embryo. Fig. 115, 221 



Starfish (Bipinnaria), larva of. 

 Fig. 55, 93 



Stegocephalians, teeth of the, 115 



Stensio, Erik A.: Son, cited on 

 ostracoderms, 10-12, 94, 97, 

 98; on cyclostomes, 97, 98 



Stereoscopic vision, of anthropoid 

 apes, 65; of human eye, 189 



Stockard, Charles R., studies on 

 growth, 172, 231, 238; on 

 abnormal human and animal 

 types, 230; classification of 

 human faces, 232; description 

 of linear and lateral types, 

 233-236; Fig. 117, 232; Fig. 

 118, 234; on crossing of 

 linear and lateral types, 237 



Studnicka, F. K., evolution of 

 vertebrate eye figured by. 

 Fig. 97, 185; cited on embry- 

 ology of eye in lampreys, 186 



Sturgeon, embryo, hyoid gill clefts 

 in, 209, Fig. 107, 209 



Suboperculum, elimination of. Fig. 

 17, 30, 114 



Sudoriparous glands, origin and 

 function of, 41 



Supraoccipital, membranous part 

 of the, 83 



Supratemporal bone, evolution of. 

 Fig. 49, 79; reduction of, 88; 

 loss of, by reptiles, 89 



Surangular bone, evolution of. 

 Fig. 52, 82; reduction of, 88; 

 of Megalichtkys, Figs. 64, 111; 

 of T rimer orhachis. Fig. 64, 

 111; of turtle embryo. Fig. 

 64, 111 



Sweat glands (sudoriparous), 

 origin and function of, 41 



Swede, Nordic, face of. Fig. 90, 

 facing 172 



Sylvan life, assisted divergent 

 evolution of primates, 57 



Symmetry, radial, gives way to 

 bilateral, 6 



Tabular bones, evolution of. Fig. 

 49, 79; disappearance in 

 mammals of, 86 



Talgai man, skull of. Fig. 42, 68, 

 72; muzzle of, 143 



Tarsioid stock, platyrrhine monk- 

 eys as offshoot from some 

 primitive, 5Q 



Tarsius (the Spectral Tarsier), 

 Fig. 31, facing 53; mammalian 

 teeth from Basal Eocene of 

 Montana related to, 53; top 

 view of skull of. Fig. 35, 58; 

 eyes and orbits of, 60, 196 



291 



