14 Descri2^tions of PreiKirations. 



middle down to a nodule marking the commencement of its lower fourth 

 and of the origin of the long radial extensor of the metacarpus. Under- 

 neath the alar extensor portions of the deltoid are seen two thicker muscles 

 cut short. They seem to correspond to the shoi'ter coracobrachial es 

 sometimes seen in the human subject'. The long tendon of the biceps may- 

 be seen passing internally to those two muscles to be inserted into the 

 anterior and internal process of the coracoid. Immediately below the 

 origin of the humeral portion of the deltoid, from the anterior internal 

 process of the scapula, is seen the origin of the long head of the triceps 

 from the upper surface of the anterior external process which supports its 

 glenoid facet. 



On the lower portion of the coracoid are seen the remnants of the 

 origins of the longer coracobrachiales, the so-called eoracobrachiales 

 ' supei'ior ' and ' inferior.' In the posterior tibiofibular region the peroneus 

 medius muscle has been exposed, together with parts of the flexors of 

 the toes, with the exception of the deeply-placed flexor perforans, and 

 of the gastrocnemius. A black bristle has been placed under the 

 tendon of the peroneus medius ^, which a little below is seen to 

 bifurcate and send one of its divisions inwards to lose itself in the 

 fibrous tissues at the back of the tibiometatarsal joint, and the 

 other onwards to pass under the sole and become a flexor of the 

 middle toe. Superiorly between the under part of the origin of the 

 peroneus medius from the fibula, and that of the outer head of the 

 gastrocnemius from the femur, a muscle is interposed which bifurcates 

 about opposite the junction of the upper with the second fourth of the 

 tibia. One of its divisions runs in close relation with the tendon of 

 the external gastrocnemius, and is finally distributed to the index digit, 

 whilst the other passes to the medius. This bifid muscle is known as the 

 flexor perforatus et perforans. In the interval formed by its bifurcation 

 we see parts of the flexor communis s. perforatus, which by one of its 

 divisions is connected with the tendon of the peroneus medius, and by 

 another with that of a muscle which, arising from the spine of the pubis, 

 l^asses along the inner side of the thigh and crosses in front of the knee- 

 joint round to the flexor aspect of the lower leg. Most posteriorly we see 

 the external gastrocnemius, in the muscular belly of which an artificial 

 division has been made. 



The crop forms a bilateral poucli with g-landular walls, at the 

 lower end of the distended oesophagus. It rests on either side 



' See Henle's 'Anatomic des Menschen. Muskellelire,' pp. 172, 180. 

 ^ See Cuvier, ' Leqons,' pp. 542, 558. 



