I9i3'3 B. E. Green : Coccidae in the Indian Museum. 7 



separation into two layers. The outer rugulose pustular layer was 

 not observed. Possibly this may be a temporar3^ phase in the 

 development of the insect. The cleared cysts of these later speci- 

 mens display a minutely granular but not pustular cuticle. The 

 development of the tentorium varies considerabl}', being very 

 weakly developed in some, but strongl}^ chitinized in other 

 examples. There is a distinct anal aperture, surrounded by a 

 horseshoe- shaped area of denser derm and, immediately in front 

 of it, are three small translucent cicatrices. The stigmata (pi. iii, 

 fig. 34) are well developed, there being 9 on each side, of which 7 

 are abdominal and 2 thoracic. They are all of the same size and 

 structure, but the thoracic spiracles are more centrally disposed. 

 There are also 3 (sometimes 5) median series of ill-defined circular 

 glandular plates. The rudimentar}' antennae are represented b}' a 

 pair of chitinous tubercles, each bearing two stout curved bristles 

 (pi. iii, fig. 35). These C3'sts, when exposed in a glass jar, deve- 

 loped a series of white waxy filaments emanating from the stigmata 

 (both thoracic and abdominal), proving that the spiracles remain 

 functional throughout the encysted stage. 



Earlier stages of the nymph were found to be attached to the 

 rhizomes of Cvnodon, partially surrounded b}' white meal}^ secre- 

 tion, in which condition they resemble examples of Antonina 

 indica. These were of an irregular rounded form ; with a dense 

 opaque black cuticle. The anal aperture and stigmata are of the 

 same form and structure as those found in the final nymphal 

 stage; but these cysts were of very much smaller size, having a 

 greater diameter of not more than 2 mm. On clearing these small 

 cysts, they were found to contain what I suppose to be an inter- 

 mediate nymphal stage, of an oval form, with a short, pliant and 

 almost colourless cuticle. This intermediate stage (pi. iv, fig. 36) 

 displays a conspicuous series of 9 spiracles on each side, of which 7 

 are abdominal and open onto the dorso-lateral area, while the 

 remaining two pairs are considerably larger and open onto the 

 venter of the thorax. The mouth parts are well developed, the 

 labium usually displaced to a position anterior to the tentorium. 

 The antennal tubercles (pi. iv, fig, 37) are rudimentary, with a deep 

 central pit from which spring two stout curved bristles. The 

 thoracic spiracles (pi. iv, fig. 38) consist of a broad cylindrical outer 

 chamber, with thickened rim, the base of the chamber studded 

 with small circular translucent pores. Near the base of each tho- 

 racic spiracle, on its outer side, is an elongate rugose plate with a 

 few minute pores. The abdominal spiracles are of similar struc- 

 ture but of a considerably smaller size ; and they have no rugose 

 plates in association with them. The anal aperture (pi. iv, fig. 39) 

 is surrounded b}' a sharph^ defined densel}^ chitinous horseshoe- 

 shaped plate which bears numerous short hairs. There are, on 

 the venter, five longitudinal series of small circular glandular pits ; 

 the median series containing 8 (the two uppermost being paired), 

 and the remaining four series each containing 6 of these pits. 

 Each pit consists of several concentric rings (pi. iv, fig. 40), with a 



