igi3-] T. Southwell : Indian Cestoda. 281 



Synonymy: — 



Ligula intesfinalis, Gmel., 1790. 



ahdominalis (Goeze, 1782), Gmel., 1790. 

 avium, Bloch, 1782. 

 pisciiim, Bloch, 1782. 

 monogvamma, Creplin, 1839. 

 diagvamma, Creplin, 1839. 

 uiiiseyialis, Rudolphi, 1810. 



Literature :— 



Donnadieu, 1877. Zschokke, 1884. 



Sub-family (II) DIBOTHRIOCEPHALINAE, Liihe, 1899. 



Sub-family diagnosis : — Scolex unarmed ; suckers either two 

 small grooves (one dorsal and one ventral), or two funnel-shaped 

 organs with highly developed borders, or, by coalescence of their 

 borders changed to sucker-tubes, or rudimentary, and then re- 

 placed by an apical sucker. Neck present or absent. External 

 segmentation complete. Genital organs single or double. Genital 

 pores ventral, median or sub-median; cirrus, vagina and uterine 

 pores in a longitudinal row, in order named; genital atrium, into 

 which cirrus and vagina open, is provided with numerous papillae. 

 Ovary ventral and shell gland dorsal, always median in forms 

 with single sets of pores. Vitelline follicles always in cortical 

 layer. Vas deferens verj' sinuous, running dorsally, and changing 

 to a globular, or pyriform vesicula seminalis before opening into 

 the cirrus pouch. Testicles in the medullary layer, for the greater 

 part outside of the longitudinal bands. The vagina, extending 

 ventrally, crosses the uterus near its pore, and widens to a re- 

 ceptaculum seminalis (the limits of which are not distinctly defined 

 distally, but distinctly defined proximally) opposite the narrow 

 and short seminal canal which unites with the oviduct to form the 

 fertilization canal. Uterus often forms a "rosette." Eggs with 

 operculum. Larval stages, for most species, unknown; adults in 

 intestine of mammals, birds and reptiles. 



(i) Genus Duthiersia, Perrier, 1873. 



General characters: — The characteristic form of the head 

 (three-cornered with the base anterior) is occasioned by the 

 strongly curved funnel-shaped sucking organs. These are not 

 perforated posteriorly as figures generally show, but are blind. ^ 

 Neck absent. Yolk glands situated superficially. A sphincter 

 vagina is present. Loops of the uterus not numerous, and on 

 this account the rosette is seldom obvious. In Varanus spp. 



Type-species Duthiersia fimbriata (Diesing, 1850) Mont, and 

 Crety, 189 1. 



1 See, however, Shipley, 1903. The perforations are quite distinct in our 

 specimens. 



