MEMOIRS OF THK NATIONAL ACADEMY Ol- SOIKNOES. 401 



*'~- ■ Elndi's liisti)li«j;ii|iii'« ft nrijiniologitiiicn Hiir li'.s centrcH niTvirix ct Ics iii;;:nn'8 den seriH (lea aiiiiiiiiiix 



iirliciiIf^M. CiiKiniimo Mpiiioiro. I. L«CVrvi)aii dii Criiniet {(Jidiiwda ciri'iilmceiw el ralopliiiii.i HuIUuh). 

 U. (:<)in|niiaiHoii iln cervoaii dcs rriistar(i» «t lies iusectcN. HI. Lo cerveaii ct la iiKiiplidlojjio du 

 mHieli'tto cci>lialir|iie. Ann. des Sci. Nat., Zoid. et Pjilr=oiitol., T. iv., Nos. 1-1!, VII Ser., pp. l-l-.'(l, I'Ih. 

 1-fi. lf^87. 



tin. WataSE, S. On the Morphiilo^y Ol' thr C'lmipmiiid K.ves of Arthropods, .stmlienlr. liml. /..ili'i/ „i tl,, .folnn lloji- 

 kitiK riiiremiln, Vol. iv, pp. ■^■^7-:;:'. I, 7 Pis. 1890. 



t>4. \\ Ai.DKYKU, \V. EiiTNtoi'k iiud Ki. 



65. Wilson, Henky V. On tins Bn-cding HrasonH of Marine AniinalH in the Bahamas. ./o/iii.< Hopkins Cniveraily 

 Circuliirs, \o\. Vlii, No. 70, p. 38. 



(jtl. \Vood-Ma80n. Stridnlatinfj Crnstacea. Remarks of Mr. Wood-Mason at the NovumiImm m.-i.tin- of the Entomo- 

 logical Socirty of Loudon. Xature, Vol. xvi'ii, p. 53. 1878. 



ti7. WHKELER, Wir.LiAM M. The Emliivology of Hlatta Gcnuauica and Doryphora Decemliueata. Am. Journ. Mor- 

 pholoijy, Vol. Ill, No. ■>, j.p. -'Itl-aSG, Pis. .w-xxi. 1889. 



s 



APPENDIX r. 



THE LIFE HISTORY OF STENOPUS. 



Siuce thi.s paper wa.s written Cliiiu has ilescribed (Die rtelagische Thierwelt in grosseren Jleere- 

 steefen, Bihliotkeea ZDologica, i, 1888) a small transparent crnstaceaii wiiii-li he iralis Meicmia 

 darigna. It oeeurs at the surface and also at various depths down to (iO(> M. A comparison of 

 his description and tiguie (Taf. iv, Fig. 6) with the Stenopus larva shown in Pis. ix and x of this 

 memoir shows that Chun's Meiersia clavigna is undoiilitedly a Steuo|>us larva, a little older than 

 the one shown in PI. x. ( W. K. B.) 



It is suggested at the bottom of page 310 that the cement by which the eggs are fastened to 

 the abdomen may possibly come from the oviducts. According to recent observations of (Jano 

 (Mittheil Zool. ^f(if. XrapoL, ix, 1S!M ; abstract in Joxni. Roy. Mir. SoV., No. .S3, 18»1) this is 

 derived from cement glands situated iu Steuopus under the epidermis of the [deopods. It is 

 thought by Cano that these glands, to which the secondary egg membrane is due, are modified 

 glands of the appendages, and that the cement substance may serve as the medium llirough which 

 spermatozoa reai;h the ova. In order to reach the eggs the sperm cells jirobably pass throu-h 

 pores in the chorion. 



This paiier was written in the summer of 1888, befoje I had seen the report of Speiiee I}ate ou 

 the Challenger .Macrura (IJeport on the Crustacea Macrura dredged by II. JI. S. Challenger lUiiiug 

 the years 1873-'76, Zoology, "N'ol. XXIV, p. 209, PI. xxx, 1888). The Challenger brought home 

 only two specimens of titcnopus hi.spiilux, one from Kandavu, P'iji Islands, and one from IJermnda. 

 Spen<!(^ Bate says that Steuopus has been "chiefly recorded from the eastern seas and the shores 

 of India by Desmarest, Milne-Edwards, and Sir Walter Eliott; from Japan by de Haan." It has 

 been thought that ,SV/((i7/rt greenlaniJiea of Keba, which apjiears under several names, may be the 

 same as Stenopus hispithm. "The genus," says Bate, "thus apiiears to inhabit regions so widely 

 ai)art as Greenland in tlie north, the Bermudas and Mediterranean in the west, and the soutlteru 

 coasts of India and the Fiji Islands in the east. It has been found in the cold waters of the Arctic 

 regions as well as in the warm shallow waters of the tropics, but, desjute this cosmoiK)litau range, 

 it has not been recordeil as having existed in any geological formation." 



While the conclusion that the Arctic form is a Stenojms may be correct, it seems highly im- 

 probable that it is specifically related to ,Stenojm.s hMpiilH.s. There is no evidence at least to show 

 that this is the case. 



liate figures a late egg embryo of Steuopus (Fig. 40, p. 211i), and erroneously concludes that 

 the animal has a short metamorphosis and that it hatches as a " Megalopa." He also gives a <lraw- 

 ing (PI. xxix, Fig. 2, v.) of the lirst larva of Spongiola reniisla (a prawn which is plained by Bate in 

 the family Stenopida'). This is clearly not a zoea, hut n protozoea, as is better shown by the sketch 

 of the recently hatcheil larva (Fig. 42, p. 210) by von Willemoes Suhm, and the strong resem- 

 blance which it bears to the protozoea of Steuopus hisjndus is very striking (compare with PI. vil, 

 Fig. 11, of this paper). 



