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fallen leaves, etc. Emergence takes place in early spring. Pairing 

 occurs from March to October ; the eggs are laid beneath the epidermis 

 of charlock or other Cruciferous plants. The larvae hatch in from 

 8 to 10 days, and tunnel in the mesophyll. Pupation takes place in 

 the soil, the pupal stage lasting 2 weeks. The number of generations 

 produced in one season varies from 3 to 6, according to weather 

 conditions. The adults cause serious damage to root crops, young 

 seedlings, and to the mature leaves of cabbage, horse radish, 

 rhubarb, etc. The life-history of H. oleracea differs from that of 

 P. nemorum in that the eggs are deposited on the leaf surface ; the 

 larvae, in consequence, are not leaf-miners. Pupation occurs about 

 2 weeks after hatching. There are usually five broods a year. The 

 adults feed upon wild and cultivated Cruciferae and upon Epilobiutn 

 and Oenothera. In controlling these beetles, it is important to keep 

 crops free from weeds, especially wild Cruciferae. Dead leaves, etc., 

 should be burned in autumn. Spraying with an arsenical wash is 

 useful against H. oleracea. 



The Cold-water Cure for Woolly Aphis. — Queensland Agric. Jl., 

 Brisbane, iv, no. 6, December 1915, pp. 331-332. 



In this article the author states that he has been able to control 

 woolly aphis [Eriosoma kmigerum] in an orchard by spraying the trees 

 thoroughly with cold water four times during the summer (in December, 

 January, February and March). Spraying is carried out just before 

 the application of arsenate spray for the codling moth [Cydia pomonella], 

 and after the process is finished, the soil beneath the tree is churned 

 up with water in order to bury any Aphids that are washed off. It is 

 suggested that more attention should be paid to this method of control 

 and to the breeding and liberation of natural enemies than to the use 

 of poisonous sprays. 



Jarvis (E.). Report of the Entomologist to the Bureau of Sugar 

 Experiment Stations. — Queensland Agric. JL, Brisbane, iv, no. 6, 

 December 1915, pp. 350-351. 



Owing to the prolonged drought at Gordonvale, the larvae of 

 Lepidiota albohirta began to pupate in the middle of August, that is, 

 three weeks earlier than in the previous year. During October pupae 

 in volcanic land were found at a depth of from 12 to 15 inches below 

 the surface. The majority were lying in earth that was nearly dry. 

 Further tests made a month later on the same piece of land showed 

 that the soil had become slightly drier and that 20 per cent, of the 

 pupae had been killed. The remainder had transformed into adults 

 which were resting in the pupal chambers until the ground should be 

 sufficiently softened by rain for them to escape. 



Froggatt (W. W.). The Buff-coloured Tomato Weevil (Desiantha 

 nociva.) — Agric. Gaz. of New South Wales, Sydney, xxvi, no. 12, 

 December 1915, pp. 1065-1066. 



Desiantha nociva has a wide range over the eastern and southern 

 coasts of Australia, and in New South Wales has been found damaging 

 young buds of fruit trees and vines in early summer, recently having 



