168 



NiKiTiN (Y.)- OnbiTbi cb MHHepanbHbiMM yAo6peHiflMM Ha oropoAt. 



[Experiments with mineral manures in market-gardens.] — • 

 «Cafl'b M OropOflT>.» [OrcJiard and Market- Gar den], Moscow^ 

 xxxi, nos. 7,8,9, 10, 11 & 12, July, August, September, October, 

 November & December 1915, pp. 290-299, 335-349, 393-403, 

 425-433, 452-462 & 489-495. 



Among the pests of cabbages studied at the Agricultural Institute 

 of Moscow, during 1914, were : — Chortophila (Anthomyia) brassicae, 

 Bch., the larvae of which infested the stalks of seedlings ; washing 

 the roots in cold water before planting was fairly effective. Other 

 pests were Pieris rapae, L., P. brassicae, L., Aphis brassicae, L., against 

 which spraying with soft soap was applied, Plutella maculipennis, Curt. 

 {cruciferarum, Zell.) and Mamestra brassicae, L., the last-named 

 proving the most serious. Its control consisted of hand-picking and 

 destroying the caterpillars, 



GuLiTziN (S.). OnbiTii 6opb6bi Cb MeAflHMueJi OKypHBaHieMi) caAa. 



[An experiment on the control of Psylla by means of fumigation.] 

 — « nJ10A0B0ACTB0.» [Fruit-Growing], Petrograd, xxvii, no. 2, 

 February 1916, pp. 73-75. 



An experiment on controlling Psylla by means of fumigation in an 

 orchard of 24 acres in the government of Riazan is described. During 

 1914 and the spring of 1915, various spraying operations with kerosene 

 emulsion and copper sulphate with Paris green or lime were tried 

 without success. The results of fumigation with tobacco dust were 

 however highly successful and less expensive than spraying. 



Ossipov (A.). PeayJlbiaTbl onblTOB'b. [Results of experiments.]— 

 «CaAOBOA'b.» [The Horticulturist], Rostov-on-Don, xv, no. 2, 

 February 1916, pp. 70-75. 



The experiments described in this article were conducted at the 

 Bessarabian Entomological Station. Urania green was tested on 

 caterpillars of Papilio podalirius, L., by feeding them on branches of 

 plum sprayed with the insecticide. A dose of about 1| oz. in 27 gallons 

 of water resulted in a death-rate of 6 per cent, during three days and of 



26 per cent, during the next two days ; a stronger dose of 3 oz. in 



27 gallons of water gave a death-rate of 26 per cent, and 40 per cent., 

 wh2e the figures for a strength of about 4 oz. in 27 gallons of water 

 were 36 per cent, and 60 per cent. ; thus the first strength gave a total 

 death-rate in five days of 34 per cent., the second 66 per cent., and 

 the third 96 per cent. Quicker results may be expected if stronger 

 solutions are used, while an additional advantage of Urania green is 

 the fact that it requires no lime. 



London purple was tested on caterpillars of Vannesa io, L., nettles 

 sprayed with the insecticide being used ; a dose of 45 oz. of purple, 

 and double that quantity of slaked lime in 27 gallons of water gave 

 rise to 10 per cent, of dead caterpillars after the first and another 64 per 

 cent, after the second day, the remainder perishing in the course of 

 the third, fourth and fifth days. The same insecticide at double the 

 above strength destroyed 100 per cent, in one day. No injury to the 



