252 



Degrully (L.). Les Bouillies acides pcuvent produirc des briilures. 



[Acid sprays may cause scorching.] — Frogres Agric. Vitic, Mont- 

 pellier, Ixv (33rd year), no. 16, 16th April 1916, pp. 365-367. 



While acid sprays are generally considered to be more effective, they 

 are more apt to scorch than the neutral or alkaline. For a spray 

 containing 2 per cent, of copper sulphate (2 parts by weight to a 100 

 parts by weight of water) a table of liability to cause injury is given 

 of five sprays containing a constant proportion of copper sulphate, 

 namely 2 per cent, by weight, but in which the carbonate of soda 

 (90° purity) content is diminished regularly from 0"90 to 0*75 per cent. 

 With 0'900 there results a neutral solution which never scorches ; 

 with 0'875 a slightly acid solution is produced which seldom scorches, 

 or, if it does so, the injury is negligible ; with 0'850 a medium-acid 

 spray is obtained which is inoffensive after flowering, but may scorch 

 before and during flowering ; with 0*800 a markedly acid solution is 

 produced which should only be used after flowering ; lastly, with 

 0"75 a very acid solution is yielded which can only be used after 

 flowering where it is absolutely necessary to spray even at the risk of 

 serious scorching. These data are approximate. Where carbonate 

 of other purity is used it is necessary to make due allowance. 



Degrully (L.), Chaux en pierres et Chaux blut6e. [Stone lime and 

 sifted lime.] — Progres Agric. Vitic, Montpellier, Ixv (33rd year), 

 no. 16, 16th April 1916, p. 367. 



Fat stone lime, recently slaked, is considered the best for preparing 

 Bordeaux mixture ; it is only slightly carbonated, its reaction on 

 copper sulphate is rapid, and the operator readily notes the approxi- 

 mate moment of neutralisation. It is, however, often necessary to 

 use commercial sifted lime, which is more or less carbonated according 

 to the date of manufacture, the content of pure lime being very 

 variable. 



Baker (A. C.) & Turner (W. F.). Some Intermediates in the 

 Aphididae (Hemiptera). — Proc. Entom. Soc. Washington, 

 Washington, D.C., xviii. no. 1, March 1916, pp. 10-14. 



Among the species described in this paper, Macrosiphum viticola, 

 Thos., Aphis avenae, F. {Aphis prunifoliae. Fitch) and A. sorhi, Kalt. 

 {A. malifoliae Fitch) have been studied throughout the complete life- 

 cycle. They have annual cycles and alternate hosts. In the first 

 two species the intermediates occur on the summer hosts and are 

 intermediates between summer apterae and summer alates. A. sorhi 

 winters on apples and passes the summer on Plantago spp., especially 

 on rib grass. The intermediates of this species occurred on apple, 

 and were intermediate between alates which cannot live on apple but 

 must migrate to plantain and apterae which feed only on apple. The 

 intermediates lived and reproduced on apple, thus assuming the nature 

 of the primary apterous forms. The following species are also des- 

 cribed : — Aphis gossypii, Glover, on melon ; Phyllaphis fagi, L., on 

 beech ; Myzus persicae, Sulz., on cabbage ; Eriosoma sp., on pear. 



