265 



CoAD (B. R.) & Howe (R. W.). Insect Injury to Cotton Seedlings.— 

 Jl. Agric. Research, Washington, D.C., vi, no. 3, 17th April 1916, 

 pp. 129-139, 3 plates. 



Damage to the foliage of cotton seedlings probably occurs throughout 

 the entire cotton area in the United States. Though the damage varies 

 much in appearance and intensity, it is characterised by irregular 

 injuries in the cotyledons, varying from small holes or marginal 

 incisions to almost complete loss of the leaf. The later leaves are 

 attacked in the same manner, and in some cases the terminal bud may 

 be lost. The damage is done by Lepidopterous larvae, grasshoppers 

 and leaf-eating beetles. During the spring of 1915 at Tallulah, tussock 

 moth larvae {Hemerocampa) were responsible for most of the injury 

 early in the season and were later supplanted by grasshopper nymphs. 

 Plants protected from low temperatures during the night and from 

 bright sunshine in the early morning were equally attacked, but seedlings 

 grown in pots containing baked soil escaped injury. Field examina- 

 tion showed that an average of 8 per cent, of the plants were deformed 

 and that these averaged 2*6 squares per plant less than the normal 

 about the middle of June, involving a loss of over 1,500 squares per 

 acre at the critical period in cotton production in the presence of boll 

 weevils {Anthonomus grandis). Some of the Lepidopterous larvae 

 concerned proved to be those of Estigmene acraea, Dru., Prodeniu 

 ornithogalli, Guen., and Lycophotia [Peridroma) magaritosa, Haw. 



Taylor (E. P.) & Willis (M. A.). Spraying Calendar.— Z<ia^o Univ. 

 Agric. Expt. Sta., Depts. H or tic. <& Botany, Moscow, Idaho, Circ. 

 no. 1, 1916. 



This circular gives in tabular form a record of the more important 

 insect and fungus pests occurring in Idaho, together with a list of 

 spraying materials suitable for use against them, with the date of 

 apphcation. The requisite formulae and a brief account of the method 

 of manufacture of Hme-sulphur, Bordeaux mixture, kerosene emulsion, 

 etc., are given. 



Edmundson (W. C). Insect Pests of the Orchards and Gardens of 

 Idaho and their Control. — Idaho Univ. Agric. Expt. Sta., Dept. 

 Hortic, Moscow, Idaho, Bull. no. 87, February 1916, 31 pp., 

 12 figs. 



Aspidiotus perniciosus, Comst. (San Jose scale) occurs in the southern 

 and western parts of the State, attacking many trees and shrubs. 

 Lepidosap)hes uhni, L. (oyster-shell scale) is found in every fruit- 

 growing area. The time of hatching of the eggs varies from the end 

 of May to the middle of June. Chionaspisfurfura, Fitch (scurfy scale) 

 is present, but hitherto has caused Uttle damage. The young scales 

 appear at the end of May or the beginning in June. Both this and the 

 preceding species can be controlled by spraying with Black Leaf 40, 

 lime-sulphur, or miscible oil at the time of hatching. Aspidiotus 

 ostreaeformis, Curt. (European fruit scale) attacks the same hosts as 

 A. perniciosus, but with less serious results. Pulvinaria vitis, L. 

 (cottony maple scale) hibernate in the adult stage. Eggs are deposited 



(C275) B 



