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in May or June, and the young upon hatching, settle on the leaves 

 and twigs of the host. A spray consisting of Black Leaf 40 or kerosene 

 •emulsion should be appUed when the young first appear. Eulecanium 

 (Lecanium) corni, Bch., occurs throughout the State. I>ime-sulphur 

 at 5° Be. should be used against it as a winter spray and Black Leaf 40 

 or kerosene emulsion at the time of hatching. Cydia (Carpocapsa) 

 pomonella, L. (codhng moth) is one of the most serious pests of apples. 

 The life-history is given in detail. The first spray, consisting of lead 

 arsenate (2 lb. paste or 1 lb. powder to 50 U.S. gals, water) should be 

 applied when from 80 to 90 per cent, of the petals have fallen, the second 

 three weeks later, and a third, if necessary, two or three weeks after the 

 second. The third apphcation will be given about the middle of July 

 in the south and the beginning of August in the north. Cacoecia 

 (Archips) argyrospila, Walk, (fruit-tree leaf -roller) has recently appeared 

 in Idaho, but at present has caused Uttle damage. The eggs, which 

 are laid in June and July, hatch in April or May of the following year. 

 The larvae feed within the webbed leaves for two or three weeks, then 

 pupate ; adults emerge after about 10 days. Lead arsenate spray as 

 used for the codling moth is effective, also miscible oil or kerosene 

 emulsion used as a dormant spray. Eucosma (Tmetocera) ocellana, 

 SchifE. (bud-moth) hibernates as an immature larva and adults appear 

 in June and July. Eggs deposited on the leaves hatch in one or two 

 weeks. Xylina sp. (green fruit worm) often causes serious damage to 

 orchard trees. Malacosoma disstria, Hb., and M. pluvialis, Dyar 

 (tent caterpillars), are common on forest trees throughout the State. 

 They may be controlled by lead arsenate spray, using 3 lb. paste to 

 50 gals, water, or by destruction of the larval nests. Schizura concinna, 

 S. and A. (red- humped caterpillar) appears in the adult stage in June 

 and July. The larvae hatching in July and August feed on the terminal 

 leaves of the branches until mature, then pupate under leaves, etc., on 

 the ground. The winter is passed in the pupal stage. Datana 

 ministra, Drury (yellow-necked caterpillar) occurs on fruit trees in 

 some areas. Cacoecia {Archips) cerasivorana, Fitch (cherry-tree tortrix) 

 occurs on wild cherry and occasionally in orchards during June and 

 July. Hyphantria cunea, Drury (fall web-worm) feeds in autumn 

 within the webbed leaves of the host ; adults emerge in June and 

 July. Orgyia (Notolophits) antiqua, L. (vapourer moth) may 

 cause injury in both northern and southern parts of the State. For 

 the control of this species, the removal of egg-masses in winter or 

 early spring and spraying with arsenicals when larvae first appear are 

 recommended. Eriocampoides limacina {Caliroa cerasi) (pear and 

 cherry slug), can be destroyed by spraying with hellebore at the rate 

 of 1 lb. to 50 gals, water. If lead arsenate is used, it must be appHed 

 early, either before or immediately after hatching. Eriophyes pyri, 

 Pagst. (pear leaf blister mite), Bryobia pratensis, Garm. (brown mite), 

 and Tetranychus bimaculatus, Harv. (red spider), can be controlled 

 with lime-sulphur sprays. The most common Aphids present are 

 Aphis pomi, A. sorhi, A. pruni, Myzus cerasi, M. persicae and Eriosoma 

 (Schizoneura) lanigerum. The most important pests of peaches are 

 Anarsia Uneatella, Zell., and Aegeria {Sanninoidea) exitiosa, Say. In 

 the former hibernation occurs in the immature larval stage under the 

 bark ; there are several generations annually. In the latter species 

 eggs are laid in midsummer on the trimk near the base of the tree ; 



