269 



Davis (J. J.). A Nematode Parasite of Root Aphlds. — Psyche, Boston, 

 Mass., xxiii, no. 2, April 1916, pp. 39-40, 1 fig. 



A species of Anoecia on the roots of Muhlenbergia at Lafayette, 

 Indiana, was found to be parasitised by an undetermined Nematode. 

 The only other record of a similar case of parasitism is stated to be 

 from Italy, where the root Aphid, Trama radicis, Kalt., is also attacked 

 by a Nematode. 



GiRAULT (A. A.). New Encyrtidae from North America. — Psyche, 

 Boston, Mass., xxiii, no. 2, April 1916, pp. 41-50. 



The following species are described : — Signiphora flavopalliata 

 occidentalis, How., from Chrysomphalus aurantii citrinus ; S. thoreavini, 

 sp. n., from Aspidiotus hederae ; Neosigniphora elongata, sp. n., from a 

 Coccid on Muhlenbergia ; Aneristus oculatipennis, sp. n., from Saissetia 

 oleae ; Nebaocharis hemipterus, gen. et sp. n. ; Epanusia albiclava, 

 sp. n. ; Epidinocarsis subalbicoryiis, sp. n., associated with mealy bugs 

 on grape ; Formicencyrtus thoreavini, sp. n., on Dactylopius (Coccus) 

 confusus ; Zaommoencyrtus submicans, gen. et sp. n., on Nyctobates 

 pennsylvanica ; CerajJtroceroideus cinctipes, sp. n., from Aspidiotus 

 helianthi on Erigeron canadense ; Berecyntus bakeri, Howard, var. 

 gemma, var. n., from larvae of Euxoa and Sidemia (Hadena) devastatrix ; 

 B. bakeri, var. arizonensis, var. n., from Chorizagrotis sp. 



Williams (L. T.)- A New Species of Thripoctenus (Chalcidoidea). — 

 Psyche, Boston, Mass., xxiii, no. 2, April 1916, pp. 54-60, 1 fig. 



Thripoctenus nubilipennis, sp. n., a parasite of Megalothrips spinosus. 

 Hood, and Cryjytothrips rectangularis, Hood, occurring in galls on 

 "willow twigs, is described. Some notes on the habits of this species 

 and of the allied T. russelli, Crawf., are given. 



Clausen (C. P.). Mealy Bugs of Citrus Trees. — California Univ. 

 Agric. Coll., Berkeley, Bull. no. 258, September 1915, pp. 19-48, 

 8 figs. [Received 8th May 1916.] 



About twenty species of mealy bugs occur in CaUfornia, but of these 

 only the following attack citrus trees, viz : — Pseudococcus citri, Risso, 

 P. bakeri,'Ess\g,P. citrophilus,Cla,u.&.,P. adonidmn,Ij. (longispinu-s, Targ.), 

 and occasionally P. ryani, Ckll., and Ceroputo arctostaphylii, Colm. 



P. citri is distributed throughout the State. The eggs are deposited in 

 masses on the fruit, twigs, fohage, under loose bark, etc., from 300 to 587 

 eggs being laid by a single female. The incubation period varies from six 

 to ten days. The number of larvae reaching maturity probably does 

 not exceed 10 per cent, of the total, owing to the hea\y mortality 

 occurring in the early stages. The three larval stages of the female 

 occupy 15, 16, and 16 days respectively ; egg-laying begins tw^o weeks 

 after the final moult, and death follow^s as soon as oviposition is com- 

 pleted. In the male the formation of the cocoon occurs about four 

 weeks after hatching and the adult emerges from 10 to 14 days later. 

 The winter is passed mainly in the egg-stage, though other forms may 



