277 



containing 13 eggs, deposited in the soil at a depth of 5 inches. Breed- 

 ing experiments showed that the number of eggs laid varied from 10 to 

 26 in different individuals. It is probable that under natural conditions 

 the majority of the eggs mature simultaneously and arc laid in a mass 

 of about 24, while the few which remain in the ovarian tubes develop 

 later and are deposited singly or in groups of two or three. 



Jarvis (E.). a New Light-Trap for Cane Beetles. — Queensland Agric. 

 Jl, Brisbane, v, no. 4, April 1916- pp. 226-230, 2 figs. 



The trap described in this paper consists of a wooden framework 

 with a flat bottom of wood or galvanised iron, and fitted with landing 

 platforms of galvanised iron inclined at an angle of ^0°. The acetylene 

 lamp placed in the middle of the trap is protected at the sides by sheets 

 of glass and above by close-mesh wire gauze and an iron roof. Beetles 

 falling through the aperture between two landing stages into the body 

 of the trap are prevented from escaping by the presence of a narrow 

 strip of metal placed just below the base of the aperture. Parasites 

 and predaceous enemies escape through small openings at the base of 

 the trap. On the one occasion on which the trap was iised it was 

 placed at a height of 3 feet above the ground ; 66 beetles were caught 

 between 8 p.m. and 9.15 p.m. The only satisfactory time for using 

 light traps is during the period between emergence and oviposition, 

 the length of this period being determined by climatic conditions. 



GouGH (L.). The Life-History of Gelechia go'^sypiella from the Time 

 of the Cotton Harvest to the Time of Cotton Sowing. — Ministry 

 Agric, Egyjit, Tech. Sci. Service, Cairo, Entom. Sect., Bull. no. 4, 

 29th March 1916, 16 pp., 3 tables. [Received 15th May 1916.] 



Gelechia gossypiella, Saund., has several generations in Egypt during 

 the summer months, each lasting a few weeks. In autumn, the larvae 

 hibernate and pupate in the following spring. The first picking of 

 cotton seed is usually only injured to a slight extent, while the second 

 and third pickings are more seriously damaged. Examination of seed 

 from the first picking showed the presence of a certain number of 

 hibernating larvae, while in seed from the second picking, the number 

 was much greater. Further observations showed that larvae maturing 

 after the first picking hibernate before pupation, the hibernation 

 period normally lasting until the next spring or summer, but sometimes 

 extending over two years. Larvae maturing before, or at the time of 

 the first picking mostly pupate and emerge as moths during the next 

 few months, but before the next crop season. During the Avinter a 

 hibernating and a winter-feeding brood are present ; these re-estabhsh 

 the pest during the next season. Moths emerging in autumn and 

 winter are not important in maintaining the species and would be still 

 less so if the destruction of bolls on stored cotton sticks were systematic- 

 ally carried out. Hibernating larvae occur in seed cotton and in 

 cotton seed, in bolls left on cotton sticks and in bolls left in the fields. 

 The larvae are able to mthstand burial under growing crops and certain 

 Umits of moisture or dryness without losing their vitality. Efficient 

 control is only possible if the destruction of all bolls is undertaken at 



