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Feytaud (J.). Note sur la cochenille oblongue, Lecanium persicae, et 

 sur le traitement des vignes envahies par cet insecte. [A note on 

 Eulecanium persicae and on the treatment of vines infested by 

 this insect.] — Atin. Service des Epiphylies, Paris, ii (1913), 

 1915, pp. 153-155. [Received 11th May 1916. 

 The Coccid now causing most injury in the vineyards of the Gironde 

 is Eulecanium [Lecanium) persicae, found on various Hgneous plants, 

 especially the vine and the peach. The adult appears in May, lives 

 during summer on the leaves and branches and in winter on the upper 

 part of the stock. It attains full development in spring, when mating 

 and oviposition take place. Its injury is intensified in spring and the 

 loss of sap is sometimes great enough to wet the ground. E. persicae 

 is found in abundance in the open vineyard. In the Medoc region 

 the vines are painted or scrubbed with milk of lime or with a mixture 

 containing lime and heavy oil. This is done in January and February, 

 after pruning. Scrubbing serves the double purpose of scraping away 

 some of the scales and covering others with the insecticide. Tests of 

 both these substances were made, a soft brush being used, so that the 

 results should be due solely to chemical action. Thick milk of lime 

 was painted on pieces of vine covered with Coccids. This was done on 

 17th February; three or four days later the covering began to crack 

 and lifted in places. On the 2nd March (13 days after apphcation) 

 some of these raised pieces were turned over and examined, when the 

 scales were found to be alive, though imbedded in the lime except on 

 the ventral portion which had been in contact with the plant. On 

 10th March (20 days after application) more than 59 per cent, of the 

 Coccids were still alive, as was the case on the controls. Milk of hme 

 did not appear to have any action of its own on the scales and where 

 death was caused, it was apparently due to mechanical causes. The 

 usual formula for heavy oil and lime contains 5 per cent, of heavy oil 

 and 20 per cent, of quicklime. About 40 lb. of quicklime is sprinkled 

 with the minimum quantity of water necessary to slake it. As soon 

 as the lime is in powder, 10 lb. of heavy oil is poured on it and the mass 

 is repeatedly stirred until, in about an hour, the oil is absorbed by the 

 hme. The resultant greenish grey powder is mixed with 20 gals, of 

 water. The covering of heavy oil and lime forms a pulverulent, 

 yellowish green coating. As with milk of lime, the ventral surfaces 

 of the scales are untouched, but the insects are very quickly killed by 

 asphyxiation due to the heavy oil vapour. Treatment on 17th 

 February killed all the scales by the next day, A piece of vine was 

 washed in running water six hours after treatment and all the Coccids 

 were found to be dead. Thus, rain falling on the day after treatment 

 would not do any harm, as is the case when lime only is used, though 

 the application should, of course, be made in dry weather. 



Paillot (A.). Les microorganismes parasites des insectes ; leur 



emploi en agriculture. [Micro-organisms parasitic on insects and 



their employment in agriculture.] — Ann. Service des Epiphyties, 



Paris, ii (1913), 1915, pp. 188-232, 12 figs, [Received 11th May 



1916.] 



This paper is a valuable resume of the history of investigations on 



beneficial fungi and other organisms infesting insects. In Russia in 



1878 Metchnikoff began to investigate the fungi infesting Anisoplia 



