350 



per thousand strength than by Pasta Caffaro of from 10 to 15 per 

 thousand. Both products appeared to have about the same adhesive 

 power. The following results were obtained with 100 bunches in each 

 of four groups of vines treated with the above four solutions : — Lime 

 copper spray of 5 per thousand — 43"36 healthy bunches, 35'64 partly 

 injured bunches, 21*0 totally destroyed bunches. Lime-copper spray 

 of 10 per thousand- — 59'44 healthy bunches, 30*07 partly injured 

 bunches, 10*49 totally destroyed bunches. Pasta Caffaro of 10 per 

 thousand — 33*0 healthy bunches, 44*62 partly injured bunches, 22*38 

 totally destroyed bunches. Pasta Caffaro of 15 per thousand — ^31*27 

 healthy bunches, 46*42 partly injured bunches, 22*31 totally destroyed 

 bunches. There is therefore no reason for abandoning lime-copper 

 treatment. 



Beech bark infested by Cryptococcus fagi, Bar. — Jl. d'Agric. Pratique, 

 Paris, xxix, N.S. no. 11, 1st June, 1916, p. 202. 



It is stated that Cryptococcus fagi, Bar., is only known on the beech 

 to which it does considerable damage in England. The trunks should 

 be brushed with a long-haired brush dipped in a solution of 1 oz. black 

 soap in 20 oz. water ; it is also necessary to uncover the upper portion 

 of the main roots and to treat them in the same manner. 



Kadocsa (Gy.). Crioceris melanopa (Lema melanopus) injurious to 

 Oats and Barley in Hungary. — Internat. Review Science and Practice 

 ofAgric. (Mthly. Bull.Agric. Intelligence and Plant Diseases), Rome, 

 vii, no. 2, February 1916, pp. 312-314. [Abstract fom Kiser- 

 let'ugyi Kotzlemenyek, Budapest, xviii, no. 1, pp. 108-176, 8 plates.] 

 [Received 12th June 1916.] 



Since 1831 Lema {Crioceris) melanopa, L., has frequently been the 

 cause of serious damage in Himgary. The worst ravages were caused 

 in 1891, when 23 districts were affected, the damage being estimated 

 at between 1 and 1| million sterling. Extract of pyrethrum, 

 " thanaton," and arsenate of copper were tested. The last-named 

 insecticide gave negative results. The extract of pyrethrum (2| per 

 cent.), apphed in large quantities, killed 75 per cent, of the larvae, but 

 its high price did not allow of its being used on too extensive areas. 

 " Thanaton," on the contrary, gave excellent results in a 2 per cent, 

 aqueous solution when its percentage of nicotine was not too much 

 below 4| per cent. Nicotine sulphate has also proved satisfactory. 

 Both " thanaton " and nicotine sulphate gave the best results when 

 the nicotine content was from 0*4 to 0*5 oz. per gallon of water. A 

 4 per cent, solution of barium chloride, rendered adhesive by the addition 

 of 4 per cent, of molasses, was less satisfactory. The life-cycle of 

 L. melanopa is described and its natural enemies are enumerated, 

 together with the preventive means employed hitherto. Although 

 in Hungary this insect inhabits the plains, it may also be found in 

 mountainous regions where the chmate and soil are favourable to the 

 cultivation of barley and oats. Its appearance in swarms is periodical. 

 Through a succession of years the infested zones become increasingly 

 extensive and the damage reaches a maximum, after which it diminishes, 

 probably owing to natural enemies. L. melanopa is known also in 



