355 



year. They damage the leaves of various plants and especially 

 ferns, rhododendrons, orchids, etc. In the open they are also found 

 on strawberries and raspberries. The damage done by the larva, 

 which attacks the roots, is much more serious and is very often over- 

 looked, the plants dying by degrees over a long period. Infested 

 plants should be repotted or the larvae may be killed by placing the 

 pots in water for some time. In the open the beetles must be carefully 

 collected during the night by means of lamps. 



TuLLGREN (Alb.). Skadedjur pa hallonbuskar. [Enemies of rasp- 

 berries.]— rrdtf^fdr^few, no. 20, 17th May 1916, Stockholm, 

 pp. 158-159. 



Generally speaking raspberries in Sweden do not sufier much from 

 the attacks of injurious insects. The most important is Byturus 

 tomentosus. These beetles appear at the beginning of the summer, 

 shortly before the flower buds are formed. They also feed on the 

 flowers of fruit trees, but are not thought to do any appreciable harm 

 to them. When the buds of the raspberries are big enough, they enter 

 them by a hole pierced in one side, mainly for the purpose of ovi- 

 position. The eggs are placed only in comparatively uninjured buds 

 or newly opened flowers, the small larvae afterwards entering the 

 ovaries. The adult beetles do more harm than the larvae, and instances 

 are known when practically the entire crop was destroyed by them. 

 Measures of control must therefore be applied when the raspberries 

 are in flower, the beetles being then collected in suitable nets. Of 

 secondary importance on the raspberries are certain Aphids, which, 

 however, seldom occur in such numbers as to cause serious injury ; 

 they are easily controlled by spraying with quassia. Raspberries 

 are sometimes attacked by Pnophorus tristis, and some years ago this 

 sawfly defoUated several bushes in the \'icinity of Stockholm. The 

 larvae are easily controlled by spraying with arsenicals. The shoots 

 are often attacked by Aegeria {Beynbecia) hylaeiformis and some 

 gall-midges, such as Lasioptera rubi. 



Tragardh (Ivar). Jattebarkboiren {Dendroctonus micans, Kug.). [The 

 giant bark-beetle] — Skogsvardsjoreningens Tidskrift, Stockholm, 

 no. 5, May 1916, pp. 484-486, 3 figs. 



This is a short summary of the bionomics of Dendroctonus micans, 

 the only European representative of this genus, which is so well 

 represented in North America. In Sweden it is rare from reasons not 

 understood, although distributed all over the country. 



SoMERviLLE (W.). A Caterpillar on the Ears of Wheat.— JL Bd. 

 Agric, London, xxiii, no. 3, Jmie 1916, pp. 236-238, 1 fig. 



Hadena basilinea (rustic shoulder-knot moth) was found during 

 August 1915 on wheat grown in experimental plots at Oxford. This 

 species occurs throughout the United Kingdom, in north and central 

 Europe, Asia, east and central United States, and a variety {finitima) 



(C285) c2 



