375 



KuLAGiN (Prof. N. M.). rnaBH-fetiiijifl BpeflHbm Ann nojieeoACTBa 

 HactKOMblfl EeponeMCKOM PocciM. [The chief insect-pests of field- 

 crops in European Russia.] — « KaneHflapb PycCKOM npMpoflbl.» 



[Calendar of Russian Natural History], Moscow, 1916, pp. 100-120. 



The author briefly reviews the available records of the influence of 

 climatic and meteorological conditions on the development of insects, 

 with a summary of the data concerning the chief insect pests of field 

 crops in European Russia for a number of years. The tables given 

 show the time of appearance of the different stages in various govern- 

 ments of Afiisoplia austriaca, Hbst., for the years 1880-1914, the 

 beetles being mostly present in May and the larvae hibernating twice ; 

 various Elaterids for 1900-1914 ; Euxoa segetum, Schiff., for 1880- 

 1914, which has two broods in South Russia and one in the North ; 

 Oria muscnlosa for 1882-1914, of which according to Lindeman two 

 generations occur, but only one according to Mokrzecki and others, 

 the eggs hibernating ; Phlydaenodes sticticalis, L., for 1853-1915, 

 which has two and sometimes three generations ; Mayetiola 

 {Cecidomyia) destructor. Say, for 1879-1912 ; Oscinella (Oscinis) frit, L., 

 for 1882-1912, of which three generations occur in Central Russia, the 

 first appearing in April and the second one in the second half of June, 

 while in South Russia there are four, the last two appearing in July, 

 August and September ; Eurygaster maroccana, F., E. maura, F., 

 and E. integriceps, Osh., for 1880-1913, which have one annual 

 generation, the mature larvae hibernating ; Locusta {Pachytylus) 

 migratoria, L., for 1844-1913 ; Calliptanms {Caloptenus) italicus, L., 

 for 1888-1913 ; and Dociostaurus {Stauronotus) maroccanus, Thunb., 

 for 1901-1913. 



Afanassiev (A. P.). PyccKoe sMHorpaflapcTBO btj 1915 rofly. (l-ii 

 Bereiai^ioHHblM nepiOfllj). [Russian viticulture in 1915. (The 

 first vegetative period).] — ^« BtCTHMHt BMHOA'tJliFI.» [Messenger 

 of Viticulture'], Odessa, xxv, nos. 1-2 & 3-4, January-February 

 and March-April 1916, pp. 36-52 & 111-141. 



This is the first of a series of summaries of the reports received from 

 local correspondents in the vine-growing districts of Russia, similar 

 to those published in the previous year [see this Review, Ser. A, iii, 

 p. 477, 602, and 701]. The first vegetative period was marked by a 

 practical absence of outbreaks of insect pests, except in a few cases, when 

 their numbers were negligible. In Bessarabia, Rhynchites betulae and 

 Clysia amhiguella were reported from some places, good results being 

 obtained against the last-named by spraying with '* Galiatzin." 

 Eriophyes (Phytoptus) sp. and Pseudococcus vitis were present in Kiev, 

 frequent powdering with sulphur proving very effective against the 

 latter. Caterpillars of Aporia crataegi caused damage amounting to 

 5 per cent, to some young vines in Cherson, where Lethrus apterus, 

 Epicometes {Tropinota) hirta and Eriophyes were also reported in small 

 numbers. In Taurida larvae of Polyphylla fullo did some damage to 

 young plants. Against Otiorrhynchus handpicking was apphed, but in 

 the coast regions this could not be carried out, as the use of lanterns at 

 night was not allowed for military reasons and consequently consider- 

 able damage was done. In the province of the Don the pests recorded 

 were Epicometis hirta, Lethrus apterus, Eriophyes and Melolontha. 



