399 



activity is resumed in spring is dependent on soil temperature and to 

 some extent on humidity. The larvae are sensitive to heat, being 

 killed in from 5 to 10 minutes by exposure to sunshine or by contact 

 with warm water. 



Various control measures against larval, pupal, and adult stages 

 were tested during 1914 and 1915. The use of poisoned baits against 

 the larvae gave entirely negative results. Sodium cyanide at the rate 

 of from I oz. to 5 ozs. to 10 cubic feet killed from 92 to 99 per cent, of 

 the larvae. It was found necessary to place the cyanide at a depth of 

 8 inches and at a distance of 4 inches from the plant, and to roll the 

 surface of the soil after treatment. From three to seven days were 

 required to effect the destruction of wireworms. Field experiments 

 conducted late in the season on light sandy soil showed that from 35 

 to 80 per cent, of the larvae were destroyed. The germination of bean 

 seeds was not affected if sowing took place two weeks after treatment. 

 The best trap for the larvae was potatoes of good quality ; pieces 

 were placed in rows 5 feet apart and from 6 to 10 feet apart in the row, 

 and renewed about five times during the season. About 4,000 wire- 

 worms were captured from one acre by this method. The use of potato 

 is preferable to that of sodium cyanide owing to its cheapness. Autumn 

 ploughing against the pupae, when carried out early, would probably 

 be of value, but has practically no effect after the beginning of 

 November. 



The period of secondary hibernation which the adults undergo in 

 early spring was also made the subject of experiment. Small piles of 

 bean straw placed 150 feet apart on 8th March, when examined a week 

 later, showed from 23 to 80 beetles. One pile allowed to remain for a 

 total of 17 days, contained 165 adults. Very few were present in wet 

 straw, thus indicating the necessity for turning over the latter in rainy 

 weather. A combination of the straw and potato-trap methods is 

 recommended as worthy of trial. 



Maskew (F.). Quarantine Division ; Report for the Month of April 

 1916. — Mthly. Bull. Col. State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, v, 

 no. 6, June 1916, pp. 236-237. 



The following pests were intercepted during the month of April : — 

 From China : weevil larvae in sweet potatoes. From Florida : 

 Eudiagogus pulcher in celery ; Phoyiwpsis citri and Lepidosaphes sp. 

 on grapefruit. From Hawaii : weevil larvae in seed pods ; Diaspis 

 bromeliae and Pseudococcus hromeliae on pineapple ; Coccus longulus 

 and Aphis sp. on betel leaves ; Howardia biclavis, Lepidosaphes heckii 

 and Pseudaonidia trilohitiformis on Hibiscus cuttings ; Trj^etid larvae 

 in string beans, cucumbers and squash. From Japan : Phomopsis 

 citri and a Coccid on Japanese oranges ; Diaporthe parasitica on 

 chestnut ; Pseudaonidia duplex on camellias ; an egg-cluster of 

 Lymantria (Porthetria) dispar on wistaria. From Missouri : Coccus 

 hesperidum, Ceroplastes sp., Pseudococcus sp., and Pseudischnaspis 

 howreyi on Agave sp. From Tahiti : Morganella maskelli and Lepido- 

 saphes heckii on oranges ; weevil larvae in sweet potatoes and Lepidop- 

 terous larvae in seeds. From Arizona : Lepidopterous larvae and 

 Chloridea obsoleta on tomatoes. From Central America : Aspidiotus 

 cyanophylU and Pseudococcus sp. on banana. From Louisiana : 



