504 



were severely attacked, the English " XL. All " insecticide paste was 

 employed with good results. The author also recommends the use of 

 a nicotine spray, prepared as follows : — About five pints of boiling 

 water is poured on one pound of tobacco waste and this is kept one day ; 

 one pound of soft soap is dissolved in the same quantity of water and 

 four parts of the tobacco extract are mixed with three of soap solution, 

 to which is added 40 parts of water. The earlier in the summer this 

 spray is applied the better are the results, as the 5^ounger Aphids are 

 less protected by wax than the adults. Chermes strobilobius was 

 reported on larch and C. abietis damaged spruce in several locahties. 

 Lachnus tomenlosus appeared abundantly on five-year-old pine trees at 

 Holer in Vinger. Coss\is cossus was found to be attacking some old 

 birch trees, and in the southern part of the country Hyponomeula 

 eu&nymellus defohated bird-cherry trees. Birch forests were seriously 

 damaged by an unidentified Lepidopteron, which may have been some 

 species of Efiocrania {wiimaculelki or sparrmannella), which genus in 

 1874, 1875, 1879 and 1883 defoliated the mountain birch forests in parts 

 of Norway. Amphhnallus {Rhizotrogus) solstitialis and Meloloniha 

 hippocastani destroyed the fohage of deciduous trees at Rjukan and 

 Filtvedt, and Brachyderes incanus at Nissedal attacked the shoots and 

 leaves of young birch trees. In the Botanical Garden of the University 

 of Kristiania, Cryptorrhynchus lapathi destroyed several species of 

 Salix. Galerucella {Galeruca) lineola, which has devastated alders in 

 the western part of the country for several years in succession, has 

 continued its ravages this year in several localities. Enormous 

 numbers of beetles were drowned in the lakes and the fjords, and the 

 remarkably good condition of the trout during these years is un- 

 doubtedly due to the fact that these beetles provided them with an 

 excellent food. Melasoma {Chrysmnela) popidi occurred on poplars 

 at W. Aker, and Cassida nehdosa attacked birch trees at Nissedal. 

 Larvae of Cimbex variabilis were recorded on birch trees from Jelsen, 

 and Croesus (Nematus) septentrionalis occurred on ItaHan poplar and 

 on birch. Galls of Pontania proxima on willow were sent from H5dla 

 and those of the Cynipid, Biorrhiza pallida, on oak from Nesodden. 



The following Aphids were sent for identification : Eriosoma 

 (Schizoneura) nhni, Drepanosiphum platanoides, Pterocallis tiliae and 

 Aphis padi. An attack of PsyUopsis fraxini was recorded in some 

 locahties and lime trees suffered from Tetranychus ielarius. Anobium 

 striatum occurred in furniture and Hylotrupes bajulus seriously damaged 

 timber in houses. As a remedy against Formica herculeana, the use 

 of potassium cyanide (3 grms. to one htre of water) or 4 per cent, 

 formahn or carbohneum is suggested. 



TuLLGREN (Alb.). Om blyarseniatet och dess anvandning gentemot 

 skadeinsekter. [Arsenate of lead and its use against noxious 

 insects.] — Centralanstalten for Jordbruksforsok, Flygblad, no. 59. 

 Mai 1916. Entomologiska avdelningen, No. 14. [Central Station 

 for Agriculture, Circular no. 59, May 1916, Entomological Series, 

 no. U.]~SfocMolm, 1916, 2 pp. 



The use of arsenate of lead against noxious insects, hitherto pro- 

 hibited in Sweden, has, since the 25th February 1916, been permitted 



