514 



infestation being shown in the first cokimn of the table. The second 

 part of the work comprised the classification of the insects infesting 

 the grapes, usually as larvae, but also as pupae. Three columns show 

 the number of P. botrana, C. ambiguella and unidentified insects, these 

 being mostly pupae or larvae crushed during the process of examina- 

 tion. The data thus obtained in summer are of value for control 

 measures to be taken in the following winter. The infestation varied 

 from 81'1 per cent, to per cent., and without determining the causes 

 of this inequality, attention is drawn to the exterior characteristics of 

 the bunches of the several varieties, those most subject to attack 

 having bunches in which the grapes are close together. The shape of a 

 bunch is immaterial, but the shape of the grapes has an appreciable 

 influence. Elongate grapes, such as the Santa Paula, are a charac- 

 teristic example of this : these grapes split down their entire length 

 once they have been pierced. The split is very deep and the larva is 

 compelled to attack another grape, leaving the first one spoilt even 

 though very little feeding has taken place. The flavour of the pulp 

 seems to have a marked effect on the extent of the injury and French 

 vines seems to be preferred, though nothing definite can be said on this 

 point owing to possible variations due to mildew injury in the vineyards. 

 The varieties which are least attacked are those in which the bunches 

 are normally very loose, or in which they have been thinned by mildew. 

 Grapes which do not touch one another present difficulties to the 

 passage of the larva. A particular case of immunity is connected with 

 the volume of the pulp. In American vines, which have very little 

 X^ulp, or in which the seeds fill most of the pulp, grapes may be noticed 

 which have been attacked in various places without the insect pene- 

 trating. This must be either due to the flavour or to the fact that the 

 volume of the pulp is too small to satisfy the larva. The count showed 

 that P. botrana was predominant and of 931 individuals, there were 

 812 P. botrana, 80 C. ambiguella and 39 unidentified pupae. 



Chauvigne (A.). La g6n6ration des Amp61ophages dans le Centre, en 

 1916. [Insect pests of the vine in Central France during 

 1916.]— Rev. Viticulture, Paris, xlv, no. 1162, 5th October 

 1916, pp. 216-219. 



Observations made during 1916 in Central France, especially in 

 Touraine, point to the growing preference of Clysia ambiguella and 

 Polychrosis botrana for vines yielding white grapes, such as Gros- 

 Pineau, Petit-Pineau, Folle- Blanche, Chasselas, etc. Infestation by 

 C. ambiguella is diminishing, while that by P. botrana is increasing. 

 High summer temperatures check these pests only if they occur at the 

 time when the eggs are on the pellicle of the grape. 



SiLVESTRi (F.). Descrizione di alcuni Imenotteri Braeonidi parassiti di 

 Ditteri Tripaneidi nell' India. [A description of some Braconids 

 parasitic on Trypaneids in India.] — Separate, dated 27th Septem- 

 ber 1916, from Boll. Lab. Zool. Gen. Agrar. R. Scuola Sujj. Agric, 

 Portici, xi, pp. 160-169, 6 figs. 



This paper describes six new Braconids parasitic on Trypetid flies in 

 India, viz : — Bracon fletcheri from fruits of Zizyphus jiijuba, infested 



